d. arge scale buildings designed by Dutch architects who were actually Trying to show a European architecture, but some were trying to adapt traditional forms of local architecture. e. Churches, a completely alien structure. During these times the colonial influence on local architecture was easily distinguished by the people as distinct from purely local architecture. It was not yet so complex and its intentions "were clear (power, intrigue, and adaptation). In the era of independence the patterns which were localised in the kratons under extraordinary control were suddenly unravelled: the ties were undone and at the same time outside influence in the form of foreign cifttures and mod-erinisation poured in with full force. During that period 'National Culture' as the polar opposite of foreign culture became an issue, whilst the local subcultures were hemmed in by the currents of an incomprehensible rush of modernisation. ^ Discussions concerning the identity of Indonesian culture and the identity of Indonesian architecture have often been held. but more often than not these discussions merely end in the general hope or wish to be able to discriminate whether a given work has an Indonesian identity, and sometimes even end up agonizing over whether or not a given person's work has an Indonesian identity. Up until now. the question of identity of particular cultural areas, such as Bali. Solo, Toraja, Batak and others have met with deceptively clear answers. But for larger cultural areas like Java (which consists of various sub-cultures— Madura, East Java, Solo, Yogya, Pasundan, Betawi, Banten and others) it is even more confusing. Solo could represent Java, but perhaps Banten or Madura may not. This situation arises because identity is considered to be a mere product of creativity, and is not seen as part of a total process. However the concept of identity as dealt with in this paper must be defined within its limitations—that is identity as a set of values and knowledge which concerns the understanding of: a. Unity in plurality and appellation b. Uniformity in the process of change and development c. Self-integrity within uniformity and collectivity INDONESIA