LITERATURE AND THE COLONIAL CONNECTION 47 157 Bharatendu-Granthavali, Vol I, p 3l6< 158 Hindi Pradip, February 1878; Prdtapfiarayan-Granthavali, p 371. 159 Bharatendu-Granthavali, Vol III, p 316. 160 Hinai Pradip. July 1878. 161 "Bharat mein Yavan Raj" (translation of a Bengali play), ibid, March 1879. 162 Bharatendu, February 18, 1886 163 Premghan-Sarvaswa, Vol I. p 125. 164 Ibid, ppl,§9"16Q. , _ . ,, .^^lr .0^ ' ^ ^ \ 165 Pratapnarayan-Granthavali, pp 272, 311, 371. 166 Pratap Lahari, p 36. 167 Hindi Pradip, December 1877. 168 Bharat Saubahgya, p 86. 169 Dalpat Kavya, p 56, col 1. 170 Bharatendu-Natakavali^ p 208. 171 Ibid, p217. ^- 172 S C Srinivas Charier (ed), Poetical Op^tons of Raja Sir TMadava Aia, KjCS^i Madms, 1890, pp 1-2, 10. i ^ 173 Ibid, pp7. 10. 174 Bholanauth Chunder, Travels of a Hindoo, Vol I. p 229. ^bunder wrote this in I860. 175 Speeches and Minutes of Kristo Das Pat, p 316. 176 The various items of these constituents have been Hsted by M G Ranadd (1842^.1901) in his essay on the growth of Marathi literature from the mid-1860s to the,late l«890s. He writes; "A *..very seosibje contribution to the stock of our best works has been made, and the fact that Spencer. Max Muller, Sir Walter Scott, Lord Bacon, Sir Bulwer Lytton, Buckle, Defoe, Swift, Bunyan, Smiles, and Lubbock, have furnkhed the models fortheser additions, justified the hope that the national mind Is shewing stgns of a great awakening.... As none of these additions Aave been sohQol4?ot)fes, the industry and enterprise represented by these publications have had to depend for their reward solely upon the unaided patronage of the reading pub|ic. With proper guidance and encouragement by such a body as the University, the circle of this reading public will be enlarged, and we may soon expect to have all the departments of prose literature properly represented in their due proportions, and the work of development, now indifferently attempted by stray authors, will be pushed on and completed in a systematic manner, so as to enable the national mind to digest the best thoughts of Western Europe with the same intimate appreciation that it has shown m the assimilation of the old Sanskrit learning." The Miscellaneous Writtings of the Late Honourable Mr Justice M 6 Ranade, Bombay, 1915, pp 31 -32. The translations from Sanskrit included the Bhagwat Gita which ^with its numerous commentaries. has furnsshed the chief supply". Some of the other works were the Chhandogya, Narayan^ Aitareya, Taitinya, ard the Ishavasya Upamshads, Pata^-jali's Yoga Sutra, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, the plays of Kcalidas— the Shakuntalam alone being translated by four or five authors—Mudra Rakshas, Uttar Ramcharita, Malati Macfhav, Prabodh Chandrodaya, Kadambari and Brihatkathasar. The hope expressed by Ranade was more than fulfilled. Educated Indians were soon showing sigrs of having an*acquaiotance with western European literature and learning that surpassed thch understan4mM of their own literary and iptellectual stock.