LABOUR MOVEMENT 55 revolutionary proletarian class ideology, notwithstanding the inspiration they drew from the Russian Revolution, it marked the first steps in the development of a prolaterian class consciousness and an organised struggle of the workers. 1 Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India, 1931, p 14. 2 M C Shantha, "State and Industry in Madras 1800-1940", thesis submitted to the University of Madras for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, 1966, pp 26-27. 3 See also in this connection the Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India, pp 14-16. 4 Romesh Dutt, The Economic History of India, New Delhi, 1970, p 185. 5 A Saradaraju, Economic Conditions in the Madras Presidency 1800-1850, University of Madras, 1941, vol I, pp 174, 179-180. 6 B P Wadia, Labour in Madras, Madras, 1921. p 205. 7 D Spencer Hatch, Up from Poverty in Rural India, Madras, 1936, p 3. 8 B P Wadio, op cit., p 178. 9 G 0 No 1029, Public Department (confidential), November 9, 1918, pp 2-14. 10 Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India, pp 44-45. 11 Personal interview with Chelvapathy Chetty (one of the founders of the Madras Labour Union), Madras, June 9, 1981. 12 Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India, p 204. 13 Ibid,? 200. 14 Personal interview with Ghelvapthy Chetty, Madras, June 9, 1981. 15 Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India, pp 198 and 203. 16 Ibid, p 206. 17 The average number of persons in a working class family in Madras excluding dependents was 6.03. Report on the Enpuiry into the Family Budgets of Industrial Workers in Madras city, in G 0 No 2899, Development Department, November 21, 1938, p 146. 18 B P Wadia, op cit, p 180. 19 Report on the Enquiry into the Family Budgets of Industrial Workers in Madras city, 1935-1936, in G 0 No 2899, D D., November 21, 1938, p 9. 20 Ibid, p 40. 21 Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India, p 226. 22 Personal interview with Antony Pillai, a leading trade union leader in Madras, Madras, February 27, 1983. 23 Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India pp 224-225. 24 B P Wadia, op cit, pp 27 and 107-108. 25 G 0 No 164, D D, February 19, 1918, p 9. A pass was given to every 27 men to use a latrine in the Buckingham and Carnatic Mills. When one was inside the latrine, no oilier man was permitted to enter it as a rule even under emergency. Andhra Patrika, January 8, 1918. 26 G 0 No 164, P FJ. February 19, 1918, pp 9-10. 27 Report on the Enquiry into Family Budgets of Industrial Worker in Madras city in G 0 No 2899, D D, November 21, 1938, p 50. , 28 Ibid, p 146. 29 Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India, p 271. 30 B P Wadia, op cit, pp 232-233. 31 Report of the Unemployment Committee 1926-1927, Madras, 1927, vol III, p 384. 32 International Labour Office, The Workers Standard of Living, Geneva, 1938, p 88. 33 P B Sinha, Indian National Liberation Movement and Russia, 1905-1917, New Delhi, 1975, p 195. 34 Thiru Vi Ka, Valkaikurippukkal, Madras, vol I, p 454.