56 SOCIAL SCIENTIST 34 Lala Girdharilal Anand "Riyashet-mein-mashtrika platform ki Ashad Zarurat", The Ranbir, (Jammu), April 1935. 35 N N Raina, Hegemony of the Working People: A Specific Feature of Our Freedom Movement^, Studies of Kashmir Council of Research Special Number, Vol III, November 1978, p 6. 36 The Hamdard (Weekly,) Srinagar, 9 Octo, 1937, p. 7. 37 Interview with Pir Abdul Ahad Srinagar, 22 June, 1978. 38 Interview with Pir Giasudin, 21 September 1978 39 Interview with N N Raina, 16 June 1978. 40 Interview with N N Raina, 27 June 1978. 41 New Kashmir, constitution and outline Economic Plan for the state of Jammu and Kashmir including Ladakh and Frontier Regions and the Poonch and Chinani Ilaquas, Introduction by Sheikh Abdullah, Kashmir Bureau of Information, New Delhi 1944. 42 N N Raina 'Hegemony of the working people", op. cit, p. 13. 43 The Ranbir (weekly) Editorial, Jammu. November 15, 1937, p. 7. 44 Cited in M J Akbar, India: The Siege Within, Penguin Books, 1985, pp. 227-28. 45 Quoted ibid,]? 231. 46 Tariq Ali, Can Pakistan Survive : The death of a state. Penguin Books, 1988, p72. 47 The Hindustan Times, 5 November 1947. 48 Cited in Pyarelal, Mahatma Gandhi: The Last Phase, Ahmedabad, Navjivan Publishing House, 1958. Vol II, p 500. 49 Cited in S Gopal, Jawaharlal Nehru : A Biography, Oxford University Press, Delhi, 1979, Vol II, p. 119, fn. 29. ' 50 Interview with Sheikh Abdullah, 29 June 1978, Srinagar. 51 A view expressed by all prominent leaders of the state like Sheikh Abdullah, Mirza Afzal Beg, Mir Quasim, Maulana Sayed Masoodi, M. Karra, Prof. N.N.«Raina, and Farooq Abdullah, etc. Interviews. 52 See, M J Akbar, op cit, p 246. 53 S Gopal, op cit, pp 122, 123. 54 Jayaprakash Narayan to Nehru, 11 January 1953, ibid, p 123. 55 Ibid, pp 125-127. 56 Ibdi, p 123. 57 Cited in M.J. Akbar. op cit, p. 245. 58 Only a few days back Sheikh Abdullah had spoken : "To say that those in whose hands lie the destinies of Kashmir state think in terms of independence is nothing but trash. It is not in the interest of the people of Kashmir to be left alone unprotected". Speech, at Madras, 21 January 1953, in S. Gopal, op. cit. p. 127 fn 53. The same Abdullah when suggested about the idea of having independent Kashmir in 1949, is reported to have retorted sharply "No, no. This would never work, Pakistan has already taught us a lesson. Kashmir is too small and too poor. Pakistan would swallow Kashmir at one gulp. They have tried it once, they would do it again." From Y.D. Gundevia. Outside the Archives, cited in M.J. Akbar op. cit. p 244. 59 EMS Namboodiripad, "National Political Background of Indian Federalism", in K. Mathew Kurian and P.N. Varughese (ed) Centre State Relations, Mocmilian, Delhi, 1981, p. 71. 60 Cited in M.J. Akbar op. cit. p. 255. 61 Anaalesndu Gaha 'Pan-Indian and Regional Nationalism : The case of North Eastern States', Social Science Probings, Vol. I Number I. March 1984, p. 109.