66 SOCIAL SCIENTIST advance is possible without modern techniques of production and those nations which fail to realize this are progressively enslaved in spite of a mill" enial culture. As a former colony, this is a self evident truth. The social reproduction of techology has social as well as technological imperatives. Economic determinism will not do. It is not inevitable, nor true, that a given amount of wealth will lead to a given type of development. India cannot expect to be a technologically advanced nation merely by borrowing technology and seeking to mechanically reproduce it. Given the economic realities there is really no short cut to a strong and purposeful public sector. The public sector as it exists is neither organized on a scientific basis nor is there any effective administrative or parliamentary control. The work force is, by and large, unmotivated and alienated and devoid of any role except as 'cogs in the wheel'. If we want to build a modern, self-reliant, industrial nation the involvement of the scientists, managers and workers is an inescapable must. Autonomy which does not percolate down (and in the absence of participative managment) is an invitation to arbitrariness and tyranny. A time has come when the objectives and organization of the public sector need to be clearly spelled out. The task of making the public sector reach the commanding heights of the economy is a task not to be achievd by rhetoric or simplistic solutions.