74 SOCIAL SCIENTIST ance to the self-interest of the of the bourgeoisie." Hence his transformation from the earlier position of being the undisputed leader of the freedom movement to one of being "more or less isolated from the botegwisie in the latter days of his life" (p. 119). The "Marxist Establishment" in India can take credit for the fact that, despite deviations that did occur on occasions, the approach adopted to Gandhi and other bourgeois leaders was by and large correct. That is why the inner-party problems that were repeatedly thrown up did not disrupt the left movement. On the contrary, the left is growing from strength to strength. The theoretical propositions advanced by Dr. Joshi cannot explain this phenomenon. The international faster Dr. Joshi's analysis of class relations in India fails to note the fact that the bourgeoisie in this country came to the leadership of the nation^ movement when, on a world scale, the first breach had been made in the fortress of world capitalism : Gandhi's emergence as a natioftaf leader capable of mobilising the peasantry coincided with the early years of the October Socialist Revolution in Russia. By the time the Indian bbuigeoisie became the ruling class, a socialist camp consisting of about a d6zen countries in two continents had come into being. The crisis into which the new polity of the Indian Union was pushed as a consequence of these developments finds no place in Joshi's elaborate analysis of the various classes that constitute Indian society althouh India is an integral part of the crisis-ridden world capitalist system. This is in marked contrast to the assessment of India's "Marxist Establishment" which emerged and developed as part of the proletarian world revolutionary movement. Although temporarily isolated from the majority of Indian patriots during the years of Quit India struggle, it could quickly reforge links with the revolutionary forces. Similarly, while • a section of the "Marxist Establishment" came to be temporarily isolated on the "China question" and in international ideological disputes—, that isolation too could be rapidly overcome. Today, both on Indo-Soviet and India-China relations, there is a close link between the views of the Indian Communists and general public. The Communists and the bulk of non-Communists are, in other words, on the same wave-length on the country's foreign relations. This has to a large extent helped normalisation of relations between the CPI (M) on the one hand and the CPSU and? the CPC on the other. Wmild this have been possible if ours were "pamphlet' Marxiyti^, as is alleged by the author ? Let me in conclusion repeat: India's "Marxist Est^blighm^ilt" has be^n making sincere and generally successful efforts to apply the thfeory of'