82 SOCIAL SCIENTIST principle other Ulan that erf the social relations between men in the process of production (and thence of distribution, consumption etc.)—{hat is in the economic structure of society correctly conceived—leads to fetishism", Ceorg Lukacs, Marxism and Human Laieratian.NewYoA, 1978, p. SS. 44. The average yield per acre for cotton is diffinilfr to determine. According to Estimates of Area and Yield of Principal Oops in India, it was 73 Xbs. per acre in 1891-95 and 73-2 lb& per acre in 1926-30. The average productivity per acre in Broach was estimated by Alexander Mackay, op. dfc, p. 115, at about 100 Ibs. per acre; while it was 102 Ibs. per acre accordmg to the Ayicidliii^ Sl^Ktic c^ ft^i^ 1930-31. In 1877-80, KOTCTnir Dqwimoit (Vol. 49, Compilation 429 of the year 1881) put the figure at 62 Ibs. per acre. The estimates are not strictly comparable but give a rough indication of the general trend. 45. hi 1867, CoL Irands wrote that cultivafaM-got a good crop once m three years, that of the other two, one was a year of almost complete failure and cuke of middling crop years of colonial rule in Bombay Presidency, 37 locust plagues, and 8 rat plagues, according to Statistical AHas of the Bombay Presidency, Bombay, 1906, pp. 13-16; find., for 1925, pp. 33-34; ibld_ for 1950, Appx. W, ppL 133-147. 46. Indian Famine CommissvmRqwrt, London, 1880, pp. 18, 6^. 47. Indian Famine Commission Report, Simla, 1898, p. 182; and ibid., Calcutta, 1901, p. 65. 48. M-B.McAlpin, op. dL; NalCharicswarth.op.cit-, pp. 130,159,2%. 49. Kail Marx, The British Rule in India' (London, June 10, 1853), quoted in Marx-Engels, On Colonialism, Moscow, 1996, pp. 37-38. 50. It was K.L. Datta who first suggested this price-syndrome theory for explaining changing nature of famines. According to him. In fact, famine no longer means scarcity of food supplies, but mere scarcity of money to buy food*. KL. Datta Enquiry Report, op. at, p. 21. The theory was uncritically accepted by B-M- Bhatia, Famines in India, Bombay, 1963, pp. 13; Neu Chariesworth, dp. at-, pp. 157-158; and many others. 51. Report on Moral and Material Progress in India, 1901-02, p. 347; Indian Famine QwnnissMm, 1898, VoLIIf p. 224; Indian fammeQmmiissi^ 52. JCL. Datta Enquiry Report.op. dt, pp. 61-66 admitted such a substitution but noted that it could not have been great, whereas ELM. Bhatia, op. at., pp. 33-34 emphasised this point. 53. Kari Kautsky, The Agrarian Question' (tr. by Jairus Banaji) in Economy and Society .VoL 5, No. 1, February 1976, pp. 43-44, wrote in 1899 dial India with its recurrent xanunes was exportmg 20 to 30 niiDion quintals of rice.