38 SOCIAL SCIENTIST analysis and interpretation as essential preliminary stages. Emphasis has to be given to the writer's aesthetic and social views which are likely to have a great bearing on his works than to his views that may not have much consequence for them. Evaluation of Homer can be done only on the basis of his epics. That does not necessitate our forgoing the privilege of taking into account the views, social and aesthetic, of a writer like Tolstoy or Henry James when they are available. Everything in life is grist to the writer's mill. Everything about the writer is grist to the critic's mill. It does not mean that all facts about the writer or all his views have equal relevance to his works any more than that every phenomenon a writer encounters in life has the same significance for him in his creative efforts. It is here that the critic's individual discrimination reveals its powers. While analysing the work of literature the critic has to separate the elements whose source of strength is objective reality from those which are products of false consciousness. In the course of such analysis the critic will evaluate the quality of the tension generated by the mutual interaction of all these various elements and the way in which they are expressed in the dramatic conflict, narrative technique, characters, the structure of the imagery and other features of the literary work. Such analysis and exploration are fundamental in revealing the complex ways in which the world-outlook of a writer determines the value of his work. 1 Karl Marx and Frederick Engels, Literature and Art, Bombay, 1956. p. 120. 2 Ibid., p. 37. 8 Ibid., p. 38. 4 Ralph Fox, The Novel and the People, Moscow, 1956, p. 106. 5 Ibid., P. 105 a Sidney Finkelstein, "Art And Ideology", Political Affairs, July 1959, p. 39. 7 Ibid., p. 41. 8 G. V. Plekhanov, Kunst and Literatur, Berlin, 1955, p. 788. 9 V. I. Lenin, On Literature and Art, Moscow, 1967, p. 49. 10 Ibid., p. 30. 11 Ibid., p. 50. 12 Ralph Fox, op. cit., p. 100. 18 Ibid., p. 97. 14 Arnold Kettle, Dickens and the Popular Tradition, Zeitschrift fur Anglistik und Amerikanistik, 1961-3, p. 237. 15 Ibid., p. 231. 18 Ibid., p. 231. 17 Ibid., p. 250. 18 Arnold Kettle, An Introduction to the English Novel, London, 1951, P. 20. 19 Ibid., 14. 80 Ibid., p. 27. 21 Christopher Caudwell, Studies in a Dying Culture, London, 1938, p. 5. 22 Ibid., P. 7. &8 Sidney Finkelstein, Existentialism and Alienation in American Literature, New York, 1965, p. 49. 24 Ibid., p. 54.