40 SOCIAL SCIENTIST cratic values got mellowed and what is called ^camp approach" involving herding a large number of "motivated35 people in "camps'5 by offerieg them cash "incentives55 or "compensation55 got into the central position. At first there were only vasectomy camps. But later the picture changed with the projection of the Intra-Uterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD) as the "miracle device55. A whole army of foreign experts, including a United Nations Evaluation Team mobilised all its power and prestige to sell the IUCD to India. The IUCD was hailed as the perfect answer to India^ prayers for an ideal contraceptive. India^ response was most enthusiastic. The IUCD became a great fashion. Foreign expertise in mass communication was also brought in to mobilise support for this programme. But because of some very critical weaknesses in the programme1 all these efforts were of no avail in raising the tempo of the programme ; it crashed with disastrous consequences.2 The decision-makers next thought of fixing motivation targets for family planning workers. They also decided to mobilise the revenue staff to "motivate55 people. This, again, failed to instil the needed buoyancy into the programme.3 Experience with certain other decisions, which also cost a great deal of efforts and resources, has not been very exciting either. Mobile IUCD and Sterilisation Units and Audio-visual Units, family planning work in what is called the "Organised Sector55, Regional Family Planning Organisation, Family Planning Task Force, involvement of chambers of commerce and trade unions, involvement of professional organisations and the so-called voluntary agencies, establishment of institutions for training family planning workers and Communication Action Research on family planning are examples of such decisions which failed to give the anticipated dividends. It is significant that nobody was held accountable for such stupendous blunders in the field of family planning. Recent Developments The more recent Ernakulam District Camp organised by the District Collector and backed up by the entire revenue and law-and-order machinery of the District and by considerably enhanced incentives scored a spectacular success by exceeding the vasectomy targets by over 300%. Similar spectacular successes are reported from Tamil Nadu, Punjab and Gujarat.4 Bulandshahar District of Uttar Pradesh also hit the headlines recently for its family planning achievements under the leadership of the District Deputy Commissioner. But the information leak about the disaster of the Gorakhpur Camp, again under the leadership of the Deputy Commissioner, has laid bare the seamier side of this so-called welfare programme. Newspaper reports reveal an outrageous spectacle of a so-called popular government stooping as low as to entice poor, illiterate, helpless, exploited people to