26 SOCIAL SCIENTIST 8. Cf. Sudhakar Pande, Shyamsunderdas (New Delhi: Sahitya Academy, 1978). 9. Satyaketu Vidyalankar, 'Dayanand Anglo-Vedic School' (Hindi), in DAY Centenary Souvenir (Delhi: 1987). 10. Hansraj, Mahatma Hansraj Granthavali, Vol. 4 (Delhi: Govindram Hasanand, 1986). 11. Madhu Kishwar, 'Arya Samaj and Women's Education', Economic 6' Political Weekly (21: 17,1986) pp. WS 9-24. 12. M.R. Jambunathan (ed), Swami Shraddhanand (Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhawan, 1961) p. 138. 13. Cf. S.L. Dar, History of the Benares Hindu University (Benares: BHU Press, 1968). 14. Organiser, Febmary 26,1978. 15. Cf. the essay entitled 'Premdhan ki chhaya-smriti', in Ramchandra Shiikla's Chintamani-3 (New Delhi: Rajkamal, 1983). 16. Ramachandra Shukia, Hindi-Sahitya (Lucknow: Hindustani Book Depot, 1932). 17. Cf. Premchand, Sahitya ka llddeshya (Allahabad: Hans Prakashan, 1967). 18. This information is based on a letter, dated 22.5.1988, I received from Pandit Sitaram Chaturvedi. 19. (33), pp. 65-66. Shukia, Hindi Sahitya, ibid., pp. 65-66. 20. Cf. Kshemchandra Suman, Hindi Sahitya Ko Arya Samaj Ki Den (Delhi: Madhur Prakashan, 1970) and. Bhaktram ^harma, Dwivedi Yugin Kavya Par Arya Samaj Ka Prabhav (Delhi: Vani, 1973). 21. M.L. Bharghava, History of Education in UP (Lucknow: Supdt. Printing & Stationery, 1958). 22. The discussion given here is based mainly on Walter Andersen and Sridhar D.imie, The Brotherhood in Saffron (New Delhi: Sage, 1987). 23. For an insider's view, cf. Dina Nath Mishra, RSS: Myth and Reality (Ghaziabad: 1980). 24. Savarkar, whose influence on the RSS's founder Hedgewar has been well recognised, defined 'Hindu* as a person who feels united by blood ties with all who trace their ancestry to be of 'Hindu antiquity' and who accept India as their fatherhood and holy land. Cf. Andersen and Damie, Saffron Brotherhood, ibid., p. 34. 25. Cf. D.E.U. Baker, Changing Political Leadership in an Indian Province (New Delhi: Oxford, 1979). 26. Lala Lajpat Rai, Punjab Kesari Swargiya Lala Lajpat Rai Ji Ki Atmakatha (Lahore: Rajpal, 1915), p. 144. 27. Sampurnananda, Kuchh Smritiyan Aur Kuchh Sfhut Vichar (Kashi: Gyanmandal, 1962), p. 135. 28. Cf. Premchand's article, 'Urdu-Hindi aur Hindustani' in Sahitya Ka llddeshya, ibid. 29. Seth Govmddas, Atma-Nirikshana-III (Delhi: Bharatiya Sahitya Mandir, 1958). 30. Ibid., p. 147. 31. Acharya Pandit Sitaram Chaturvedi, Bhasha Ki Shiksha (Varanasi: Hindi Sahitya Kutir, 1940, 7th ed., 1962) p. 18. 32. For details, cf. Granville Austin, The Indian Constitution (Bombay: Oxford, 1966). 33. Harijan, 10 August, 1946. 34. Cf. Jyotirirdra Das Gupta, Language Conflict and National Development (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1970). 35. 'March of DAV Movement,' Aryan Heritage (June 1989). 36. DAV Movement in the Service of Education Since 1886 (pamphlet issued by the DAV Managing Committee). 37. L.I. Rudolph and S.H. Rudolph, 'Rethinking Secularism: Genesis and Implies lions of the Textbook Controversy, 1977-79,' Pacific Affairs (56:1,1983:15-37). 38. Cf. Organiser, 12 November 1978. 39. Based on the pamphlet 'Vidya Bharati Akhil Bharatiya Shiksha Sansthan.' 40. 'Vidya Bharati,' in Organiser, 12 November 1978. 41. Cf., for example, Devputra. 42. S.P. Gulati, 'Shishu Mandirs and the Concept of Developed Child,' Organiser, 12 November 1978.