60 SOCIAL SCIENTIST a very important segment of the society from the impact point of view. The number of elites and elite institutions in any country depends upon its own size, its range of activities and its cultural heritage and technological state of achievement. These institutions are at a mid point from the centres of power - government and its source - the people - and have an air of objectivity in so far as they have the benefit of contacts with both and yet an independence in the conduct of their affairs. Any country, if it is interested in controlling and influencing the affairs of any other, does so in two known ways: One, wherein it makes a very direct and too apparent attempt to interfere by economic and/or military thrust, for or against. Secondly, the attempt to influence the other country is very indirect and subtle and cannot be seen by very many. This paper is confined to the second method as it operates through infiltration of academic elite institutions. Infiltration of academic elite institutions of other countries is one method which is being used by big powers like the United States, United Kingdom, Soviet Union, West Germany and others on a massive scale. In India, however, only the Americans have used this mechanism extensively and, as such, this paper confines itself to the operation of this technique by the Americans. The agencies interested in collection of sensitive information and making Indian scholars subservient to American way of life and thinking are the State and Defence Departments; their specific agencies involved are the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), the Pentagon and the U S Agency for International Development. The agencies decide what type of information is needed by them. Since they cannot directly operate in India, they provide funds to American elite academic universities such as Harvard, MIT, Berkeley, Wisconsin and Michigan State etc, which have an attractive image very easily sold in India. These educational bodies provide academic cover to the intelligence operations carried out in the garb of research projects, relief work and experiments. Usually their academic teams, sent to India, have non-academic 'intelligence5 men as their members who assist in data collection and its quick transmission to the United States. Again, these American universities cannot normally conduct research projects in India directly and, as such, US Agencies such as the U S A I D, the United States Embassy, the Ford, Rockefeller and other Foundations etc. identify Indian scholars and institutions who would be sympathetic to the Americans. These agencies then motivate the "sympathetic" Indian scholars and institutions to take up "collaborative" research; they organise the entire work schedule, provide funds, supervise the research work and process and analyse the data or send it in raw form to the United States. The last link in this schema is provided by the 'Indians' themselves. These include bureaucrats, academic administrators and research scholars.