HEGEMONY AND NATIONAL MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAMME 71 The psychiatricman power position is also problematic. Besides displaying a significant level of brain-drain to the West [GM Carstairs (19730 'Psychiatric Professions in the Developing Countries*, Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 15, pp. 153-54], there is a scenario of shortages;—there are only 2 psychiatrists per 10 lakh population, as against, say, 150 per 10 lakh population in the U.S. [Gobind Thukral 'Mental Illness Growing', The Hindustan Times', New Delhi, (04.01.1990]. More importantly, there are strong and persistent doubts as to the duration, quality and relevance of the training and practices of the mental health manpower [See, for instance, Annie George 'The Helping Profession: Is It Really Helpful?', Socialist Health Review, 2(4), pp. 160-66, and Andath J., 'Is western Training Relevant to Indian Psychiatry?', Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 23(2), pp. 120-27. 7. The traditional services span the vast range from homeopathy and ayurveda to magico-spiritualism and religion [Mitchell G. Weiss et al. 'Traditional Concepts of Mental Disorder among Indian Psychiatric Patients: Preliminary Report of Work in Progress', Social Science and Medicine, 23(4), 1986, pp. 379-86]. The way the use is made of the traditional services by the people is not dear. A one-to-one relationship between the conceptual schemes of the masses and the utilisation of specific traditional services cannot be drawn [MitcheU G. Weiss, 1986, pp. 383-85]. To add to this confusion is the use made by the people of the modem psychiatric services along with the traditional services without a dear sequence of predominance amongst the two types of services [R.L. Kapur 'The Role of Traditional Healers in Mental Health Care in Rural India', Social Science and Medicine, 13 B, 1979 pp. 29-31. Also see MitcheU G. Weiss, 1986, p. 383]. This picture of confusion indicates that the traditional services are not able to place a dear, systematic and firm alternative facility to the masses. 8. DGHS, National Mental Health Programme for India (The Policy Statement), Government of India Press, New Delhi, p. 9. 9. DGHS, 1982, p. 7. 10. DGHS, 1982, pp. 13-14. 11. Among other non-achievements, only a few States have adopted a State-level specific plan for implementation of the NMHP [ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Community Mental Health, NIMHANS (hereafter ICMR-CARMH) (1987) Community Mental Health News, 6 & 7, p. 2], the nature and duration of training is unsystematic, inadequate, short and unstandardized [NIMHANS, (1986) A Decade of Rural Mental Health Centre—Sakalawara, Bangalore, NIMHANS Press, p. 17. Also see ICMR-CARMH, 1987, pp. 1-16], many appointments are lying vacant, and the financial allocation ensured is paltry. Only Rs. 1 crore had been allocated to the NMHP under the Seventh Five-Year Plan (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (1990) Annual Report 1989-90, Government of India Press, New Delhi, p. 49]. 12. ICMR-CARMH (1988) Community Mental Health News, 11 & 12, p. 16. 13. Ibid. 14. ICMR-CARMH (1986) Community Mental Health News, 3 & 4, p. 12. 15. NIMHANS/ 1986, p. 11. 16. ICMR-CARMH (1985) Community Mental Health News, 1, p. 5. 17. ICMR-CARMH, 1988, p. 14. 18. ICMR-CARMH, 1987, p. 10. 19. N.N. Wig et al. (1981) 'A Model for Rural Psychiatric Services: Raipur Rani Experiences', Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 23(4), pp. 287-88. 20. Suman Tyagi (1986) 'People's Opinions and Understanding About Mental Illness', Agra: Institute of Sodal Services, Agra University, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, pp. 455-«8.