56 SOCIAL SCIENTIST theoretical orientation and effective practice; ii) the imperative duty of the proletariat to emerge as the general representative of society so that it can attract other classes and strata as its allies in the struggle for power; and iii) the over-riding importance of enlightening and activizing tlie peasantry as a political force. Unfortunately, the ideological-theoretical frame, elaborated by Joshi, will not help the achievement of the tasks postulated by him. Joshi has correctly enumerated the possible varieties of pseudo-socialism like feudal socialism, middle class socialism and so forth. What he has, one hopes unwittingly, produced is a blueprint for another brand of pseudo-socialism, which may be characterized as academic-intellectual socialism, free from the rough-and-tumble of the real life class struggle, cosily engaged in working out and preaching norms of social behaviour, and based on academic researches. AJIT ROY 1 V I Lenin, Collected Works, Vol 21, p 50 (emphasis added). 2 Marx and Engels. Selected Works, Vol I, Moscow 1950, p 44. 8 VI Lenin, op.cit., Vol 4, pp 210-11 (italics in the original). 4 A Gramsci, The Modern Prince and Other Writings, International Publishers, New York 1970, p 133. 5 A Gramsci, Selections from the Ptison Notebooks, International Publishers, New York 197Q, p 133. 6 Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung, Vol 1, Lawrence and Wisharat, London, 1954, p 33. 7 Marx and Engels, Correspondence, National Book Agency, Calcutta 1945, p 51. 3 For instance, see Gramsci, Prison Notebooks, op. at., p 165 and 365. 9 VI Lenin, op. cit., Vol 5, pp 383-84 (emphasis added). 10 A Gramsci, Prison Notebooks, op. cit., pp 15-16. 11 VI Lenin, op. cit., Vol 4, pp 211-12. 12 VI Lenin op. cit., Vol 38, p 361.