60 SOCIAL SCIENTIST Table 3: Grain Area Yield and Output Grain Sown Grain Yield Grain Output area m.ha. tonnes/ha m. tonnes Pre-reform 1965 119.63 1.635 1970 119.27 2.010 1980 117.23 2.745 Reform 1985 108.85 3.48 1990 113.47 3.93 445.940 1991 435.240 1993 456.440 1994 444.500 1995* 114*/110* 3.99*/4.14" 2000* ditto 4.39* / 4.55* * 1995 and 2000 alternative required yield figures derived assuming that sown area is (a) 114 m.ha. or(b) 11 Om.ha., given target output of 455 m. tonnes in 1995 and 500m. tonnes in 2000. Note that 'grain output* is not comparable with the Indian concept as it includes potatoes and paddy in unhuskedform. Source: Constructed from Ash 1993, various tables. Table 4: Structure of Gross Agricultural Output Value 1980-1990 Crops Forestry Animal Aquatic Total Products Products 1980 76.73 4.25 17.15 1.88 100.0 1985 73.43 5.01 18.37 3.19 100.0 1990 72.43 5.06 19.25 3.26 100.0 Table 5: State Investment in Agricultural Capital Construction Period Volume of Agricultural Total State Per cent of Investment mn. yuan Capital Construction 1 to 2 1853-55 602.67 9624.17 6.26 1956-58 1667.00 18841.90 8.85 1959-61 3168.67 28906.30 10.96 1962-65 2221.25 12323.88 18.02 1966-74* 3366.25 33932.23 9.92 1975-77 4039.67 38935.20 10.38 1978-80 5443.00 52815.72 10.31 1981-83 3292.67 53091.78 - 6.20 1984-86 3603.00 99974.95 3.60 1987-89 4631.00 147741.18 3.12 Source: State Statistical Bureau, Statistical Material on Fixed Capital Investment 1950-1985, Beijing, 1987. For the Cultural Revolution period 1966-74, calculated from the China Statistical Yearbook which gives the five-year average for 1966-70 as 2.085 m. yuan, 10.7 per cent of total investment and for 1971-75 as 3.461 m. yuan, 9.8 per cent of total investment.