The European Factor in the Caste System 17 22. S.J. Perera, 'History of Ceylon ' (ANCL, Colombo, 1945) Pt I; (Portuguese and Dutch periods) passim. 23. G.C. Mendis, 'Ceylon Today and Yesterday* (Colombo, ANCL, 1963) p. 50. 24. G.C Mendis (1963), 50. Lekam mitis, were records maintained by the Sinhalese kings' officials. They were normally in prepared palmyra leaves. 25.. G.C. Mendis (1963) p.50 26. Geoffrey Powell, p.34 27. Tilak Hettiaratchy, 'The Sinhalese Peasant in a Changing Society; ecological change among the Sinhalese peasants from 1796 to 1909 AD*, (Colombo, LHI, 19820) p.12. 28. Sir Charles Collins, 'Public Administration in Ceylon* (London, Chatham House, 1951) >.8. 29. Bryce Ryan, p.50 30. John Gideon Loten, 'Memoirs* (trans by E. Reimers) (GovernmentPress, Colombo, 1935) cited by Bryce Ryan, p.52 31. S.D. Franciscus, 'Faith of our Fathers; history of the Dutch Reformed Church in Sri Lanka (Ceylon)* (Colombo, General Consistory, 1983), p.6 32. C. Willis Dixon, 'The Colonial Administrations of Sir Thomas Maitland* (London, Frank Cass, 1968)p.l05 33. Willis Dixon, p.62 34. Rev. James Cordiner, vol.1, p.418 35. B. H. Farmer, 'Ceylon—a divided nation* (London, OUP, 1963) p.37 36. B.H. Farmer, p.37 37. G.C. Mendis (1963), p.65 38. G.C. Mendis (1963), pp.68-69 39. D. Amarasiri Weeraratne, 'Casteism in the Sinhala Sangha' In 'The Island* (Sri Lankan daily), 3 July 1997. The Siamese sect, inducted by preceptors from Siam (Thiland) is thought to accept Goyigama members only. 40. Amarasiri Weeraratne, 3 July 1997. Also, art. by Venerable Seelananda Thero in The Island*, 15 July 1997. 41. Amarasiri Weeraratne, 3 July 1997 42. Amarasiri Weeraratne, 3 July 1997 43. G.C. Mendis, 'Ceylon under the British*(Colombo, CAC, 1944) p.36 44. G.C. Mendis (1944), p.109 45. Detailed studies of the Karava have been carried out, as in those of Michael Roberts. 46. Jannice Higgins, Caste and Family in the Politics of the Sinhalese, 1947-1976'(Cambridge, Cambridge University Press,, 1979). p.22. Kandy, the capital of the former indigenous kingdom, is in the central massif of Sri Lanka. 47. Jannice Higgins, p.22 48. G.C. Mendis (1963), p.l 17 49. Jane Russell, 'Our George'; a biography of George Edward de Silva* (Colombo, Times of Ceylon, 1981), p.39 50. Jane Russell, p. 100 51. Report of the Commission of Constitutional Reform (Soulbury Commission) (HMSO, Cmd. 677, 1946), para.278(ii). 52. Marshall R. Singer, 'The Emerging Elite; a study of political leadership in Ceylon*(Cambridge, Mass, MIT Press, 1964) p.61 53. Marshall R. Singer, pp.50-52. Also, Jannice Higgins, p.62. 54. J.B. Disanayaka, The Monk and the Peasant; a study of the traditional Sinhalese village'(Colombo, State Printing Corp. 1993) p.6 55. John D. Rogers, 'Crime, Justice and Society in Colonial Sri Lanka'(London, Curzon Press, 1987) p. 151 56. Nur Yalman, 'The Flexibility of Caste Principles in a Kandyan Community* in E.R. Leach (edited) 'Aspects of Caste in South India, Ceylon and North-West Pakistan* (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1969), p.78 57. N. Rouland, p.138