96 SOCIAL SCIENTIST bound to end in fiasco still more disastrous than those which overtook the pre-Keynesian and Keynesian theories. The malady to which capitalism has become a victim, it should be borne in mind, is not only economic but also (and much more) political. For, capitalism in its present phase is faced with two contradictory phenomena. Firstly, its productive capacity is ever expanding. Mechanization, automation and computerization—such is the process through which the forces of production available to a particular generation in capitalist society have expanded several-fold over what they were for the earlier generation. The rising generation will have still larger potentialities of production at its disposal than what the present generation is having. Secondly, the market which capitalism can exploit is decidedly shrinking, both because larger numbers of countries are breaking away from the orbit of capitalism, and the total purchasing power in every capitalist country is either diminishing absolutely, or growing at such low rates that there is a relative fall in purchasing power compared to the rise in output. Political Problem The defeat of fascism in the Second World War, followed by tlie equally serious disaster of the ^cold war' strategy in the postwar period, has barred the door of further expansion of the capitalist market into the socialist world. The only alternative before capitalism therefore is such political action in capitalist countries as would lead to an expansion of their own internal markets. This, in turn^ would mean a radical restructuring of class rela» tions within capitalist countries: in other words, a resolution of the contradictions between the owning and toiling classes in favour of the latter. It goes without saying that this involves apolitical struggle. That is why it was stated earlier that the problem is more political than economic. This is as applicable to India as to the rest of the capitalist world. Here too the economy is sinking deeper and deeper into the morass of crisis. Twenty-four years of planning have resulted in the same inflation, combined with stagnation, which has gripped the entire capitalist world. The so called foreign 'aid,3 which was supposed to work miracles, is making the economy still more dependent on foreign capital. There is no way out except a basic restructuring of the nation's economy: no alternative exists for the rest of the capitalist world. The struggle for saving the economy therefore is in India too, a struggle between two class formations: the common people against landlords, monopoly capitalists and others working in close collaboration with foreign capital.