46 SOCIAL SCIENTIST attending the settlement operations and partly from the Kharwar movement. Disaffection manifested itself in the resistance to the payment of rent and by attempts to form a kind of political organization.79 As a result, during the administration of Temple, discontent tended to deepen, exploding into the revolt of 1880-81. CampbelFs ideas on tribal agrarian reform came in conflict with the colonial interests of the British Indian government on the one hand and the class interests of the Indian landlords and moneylenders on the other. Quite naturally it was not possible for him to carry his liberal ideas to any logical conclusion. His failure underlines the fact that the system which raises a propertied class of exploiters from among the colonial subjects is found to be on the side of property and privilege when it comes to a class conflict. Idealists like Campbell, who worked within the framework of ihe colonial system were hamstrung, in spite of their good intentions, best efforts and administrative power, even in implementing a liberal programme of tribal-agrarian reform. [I am grateful to K K Sen Gupta, Rabindra Bharati University, who read an earlier draft and made valuable comments,] 1 Judical Progs, Bengal, June 1872, No 1974. 2 Suprokash Roy, Bharatar Krishok Bidroha 0 Ganafantrih Sangiam (in Bengali), Vol 1, First Edition, July 1966, pp 310, 339. 8 Bengal Administration Report 1871-72, Political, p 42. * W W Hunter, The Indian Empire, Indian Reprint 1973, p 98. 5 WG Archar and Verrier Elvin, in Man in India, Ramesh Chandra Roy (Ed.) Vol 25, 1945,p 222. 6 Judicial Progs, Bengal, December 1871, No 161. 7 Bengal Administration Report, 1871-72, Political, p 42. 8 Judical Progs, Bengal, December 1871, No 161. 9 Bengal Administration Report, 1871-72, Political, p 42. le Judical Progs, Bengal, July 1871, No 160, Appendix C. »l Ibid., Appendix B. * a Judical Progs, Bengal, June 1872, No 197^. ' 8 Sir George Campbell, Memoirs of My Indian Career, Sir Charles E Bernard (Ed.) Vol II, Macmillan, London and New York 1893, p 218. 14 Bengal Administration Report, 1871-72, p 17. 16 Sir George Campbell, op. cit., p 130. 10 Bengal Administration Report, 1871-72, p 17. 17 L S S 09 Malley, Bengal District Gazetter, Santal Parganas, Bengal Secretariat Book Depot, Calcutta 1919, p 57. 1 e The Hindoo Patriot, 20 November 1871. i» Ibid., 28 August 1871. 20 Judicial Progs, Bengal, December 1871, No 159-160. 21 Bengal Administration Report, 1871-72, Political, p 42. 22 L S S 0' Malley, op. cit., p 57. 2 a Ibid,,? 58, 24 Bengal Administration Report, 1871-72, Political, p 42. 25 The Hindoo Patriot, 20 November 1871. 26 Ibid., 28 August 1871. 27 Friend of India, 15 February 1872. 28 Ibid., 9 May 1872.