NOTE 75 has not come to their rescue. *9 Elevation of the status of woman demands a concerted attack on poverty and on social and religious restrictions which presuppose male superiority. One is reminded of what Lenin said about the attitude of his government towards women: "The Soviet government has applied democracy to a greater extent than any other country, by the fact that in its laws not the slightest hint of any inferiority of women is left." MOIN SHAKIR 1 Ameer Ali, The Spirit of Islam (reprint), London 1955, p IXV. 2 Ibid., p 228. » Koran 16:57-59. 4 Ibid., 4:32. 5 W R Smith, Kinship and Marriage in Early Arabia, Cambridge 1885, p 279. 6 Ibid.,? 71. 7 Cf. R Levy, Social Structure of Islam, Cambridge 1969, p 93. ® Koran 5:7. 8 For different manners of divorce see F A Kleim, The Religion of Islam, London 1906, pp 191-195, also Koran 2: 2. 26-42. 10 Koran 4: 7-12 and 4:176. 11 Hamidulla (Ed.), Introduction to Islam, Secunderabad 1957, p 131. 12 S Numani, Miqalat-e'Shibli, vol I, Azamgarh 1954, pp 103-120. 1' Ibid,, p 94. "There were in fact no legal or moral sanctions to enforce observance of the laws of proprietary marriage". 14 Cf. R Levy, op. cit., p 99. * 5 See Moin Shakir, Muslims in Free India, Delhi 1972, pp 120-124. 16 Ibid.,?? 126, 131. 17 Muhammad Qutb, Islam, the Misunderstood Religion, Delhi 1968, p 232. 18 Ameer Ali, op. cit., p 257. Sec also M M Siddiqui, Women in Islam, Second edition, Lahore 1959, pp 180-181. 19 Muhammad Qutb, op. cit., pp 227-230.