FOREIGN POLICY OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 21 The global dominance system may be defined in its concrete aspects as one in which global relationships are ^vertically integrated" in terms of economic control, accumulation and production of goods.21 It is a system in which one part dominates the other through various forms of penetration. Economic penetration in the form of investment by the rich developed countries in the developing countries is the most obvious. Multinationals, banking and other financial institutions control the structure of production relations in the developing countries which are dependent on outside sources of capital and technology. Hclge Hveem has prepared a table which shows economic penetration by OECD metropoles in about 90 developing countries. TABLE II UNDERDEVELOPED COUNTRIES RANKED ACCORDING TO OVERALL "CONTROL PENETRATION' BY "CAPITALIST' MPTTROPOLES (OEGD) Penetration Index Score 12 11 Bolivia, Peru. 10 Gabon, Honduras, Panama, Venezuela. 9 Central African Republic, Zaire, Ivory Coa-st, Liberia, Mauritania, Chile, Costa Rica.* 8 Libya, Zambia, Argentina, Colombia, Dominica*, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Nicaragua, Trinidad, Uruguay, Iran, Malaysia. 7 Algeria, Cameroon, Congo, Malawi, Morocco, Niger, Senegal, Togo, Tunisia, Brazil, Guyana*, Jamaica, Paraguay*, Kuwait, The Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, (Turkey). 6 Chad, Dahomey, Kenya, Malagasy, (South Africa*), Uganda, (Malta*), (Israel), Thailand. 5 Gambia*, Ghana, Guinea, Nigeria, Sierra Leone*. Tanzania, (Greece), Mexico*, Iraq, South Korea*, South Vietnam*. 4 Ethiopia, Somalia, Swaziland, Upper Volta, Ceylon,(Cyprus*), Jordan, Laos*, Pakistan. 3 Burundi*, Cambodia, Indonesia, Yemen*. 2 Botswana*, Lesotho*, Mali, Rhodesia*, Rwanda*, Sudan, (Spain*), Burma, India, Singapore*, South Yemen*. 1 United Arab Republic, Bahamas*, Bermuda*, Afghanistan, Nepal, Syria. 0 (Yugoslavia*), Cuba*. NOTE: In respect of countries marked* the data is missing for one or more of the indicators. SOURCE: Hclge Hveem, "The Global Dominance System: Notes on a Theory of Global Political Economy", Journal of Peace Research, vol 10, 1973, p 337.