58 SOCIAL SCIENTIST and the individual consumption of these labourers in so far as it is necessary to reproduce them, constitute productive consumption. Under capitalism, productive labour is that which produces surplus value for the capitalist. All consumption which is not essential to the production of value and surplus value is unproductive. 8 K Marx Capital, vol I. Moscow 1967,p 568. * Ibid., p 571. 5 Ibid., p 573. 6 Ibid., p 578. 7 Ibid.,p 713. 8 For extensive historical material see, among others, K Marx, Capital, vol. I, part VIII; R Luxemburg, Accumulation of Capital, Monthly Review Press, New York 1962; P A Baran, The Political Economy ofGrowth, Monthly Review Press, New York 1968 and V I Lenin, The Development of Capitalism in Russia, published in vol 3 of Collected Works, Moscow. 9 Capial,vo\,I,5S2. 10 Ibid., p 583. * l Ibid., pp 5d3-4. la Ibid.. p 587. >s Ibid., pp 591-2 *4 Ibid., p 15^. 16 Ibid., p 5 92. * e Ibid., p 594. 117 Ibid., p 605. 18 Ibid., p 607. *9 Ibid., p 609.