AGRARIAN RELATIONS IN COASTAL ANDHRA 29 1 Walter Firminger (ed.), The Fifth Report of the Select Committee for the Affairs of the East India Company, Madras Presidency vol II, London 1812, p 2 (hereafter referred to as Fifth Report). 2 Fifth Report, op cit., p 6. 0 Rao Sahcb P K Gnana Sundara Mudaliar. Note on the Permanent Settlement in Madras, Madras 1940, p 20. ( According to the Committee of Circuit, which was appointed to enquire into the conditions of zamindaris, the entire circars of Rajahmundry, Ellorc and Moosta-phanagar (Gondapally), comprising the latter-day Krishna and Godavari districts (areas of the present study) had 51 parganas consisting of 1612 villages with a total population of 6,07,022. See Committee of Circuits Report, p 20. ''• Letter from the Acting Secretary of the Board of Revenue to the Chief Secretary, dated October 1847, pp 1284-3-80, Proceeding of Board of Revenue (hereafter referred to as PBR.) 6 A Sarada Ra]u, Economic Conditions in the Madras Presidency, 1800-50, Madras 1941,p 30. 7 B S Baliga, Studies in Madras Administration, Madras, vol II, p 108. 8 Pattah is a deed or lease given by a receiver of revenue to a tenant specifying the conditions of tenure. 9 Orme^s Report on the Havelis under Masulipatam, 1786, pp 11-12. 10 Mudaliar, op cit., p 58. 11 R A Dalycll, Memorandum on the Famine of 1866, p 17. ./ '12 Report on the Direct and Indirect Effects of the Godavari and Krishna Anicuts in Rajahmundry, Masulipatam and Guntur Districts and the Coleroon Anicuts in Tanjore and South Arcot Districts, 1852-58, H Smith, Madras 1858. L Gordon Mackenzie, A Manual of Krishna District, Madras 1883, pp 151-62. 14 Robert Eric Frykenbcrg, Guntur District, 1788-1848: A History of I.ofal Influence and Central Authority in South India, 1965, p 65. 1''1 S Gopal, The Permanent Settlement in Bengal and Its Results, London, 1949, p 25. ^ Extiacts from PBR, 14 July 1845. p 25. 117 Frykenberg, op cit., p 31. ls Henry Montgomery Bart, Report on the Causes of the Decline of Revenue in Rajahmundry and Measures Proposed for the Improvement of the District, Madras, 18 March 1844, together with PBR 4 July 1844 and Extract of Minutes of Consultation of the Madras Government thereon, 14 April 1846, p 15. 19 Henry Montgomery Bart, op cit., (Corrections have been made in the totals that were wrongly entered in the report). ^ PBR 1854 and Report on the Direct and Indirect......" op cit., pp 102-3. 21 "Report on the Direct and Indirect ...../' op cit., pp 102-103. Similar data for the Masulipatam portion of the Kistna district are not available. 22 p T George, "Land System and Legislation in Madras'", Artha Vijnana, March-June, 1970, vol XII, nos 1 and 2, pp 28-37.