40 SOCIAL SCIENTIST Kerala, West Bengal, and to some extent, Tamil Nadu) and the result has been a good deal of ferment and struggle within the party itself over the handling of women's issues and what it has been led to identify as ^male chauvinism."47 Thus the change in agricultural class relations, and the growing self-assertiveness of agricultural labourers and poor peasants resulting from it has led to the growing militancy of working women in India and to a growing consciousness of women's oppression and the importance of the fight against it. Today it is possible to say that a women's movement has begun in at least some crucial areas of India. Its future will undoubtedly be closely linked with the outcome of the tumultuous political uncertainties of the subcontinent. (CONCLUDED) 2 4 Daniel Thorner, "Coastal Aodhra: Towards an Affluent Society", Economic and Political Weekly, (EPW) Annual Number, February 1967 and "Capitalist Farming in India" EP W Review of Agriculture, December 1969. t2r) WolfLadejinisky, "Green Revolution in Punjab: A Field Trip", EPW Review of Agriculture, June 1969 and "Green Revolution in Bihar: The Kosi Area: A Field Trip", EPW Review of Agriculture, September 1969. 26 For a recent discussion of these issues and an analysis of the feudal mode, see Barry Hindness and Paul Hirst, Precapitalist Modes of Production, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London 1975. 27 Paresh Chattopadhyay, "Mode of Production in Indian Agriculture: An Anti- Kritik", EPWReview ofAgriculture, December 1972,p A-186. ^ Ibid.,pA-189 89 Ibid., p A-190. Ko Gail Omvedt, Cultural Revolt in a Colonial Society: The Nonbrahman Movement in Western India, Scientific Socialist Education Trust, June 1976, pp 88-91. 81 Surendra J Patel, Agricultural Labourers in Modern India and Pakistan, Current Book House, Bombay 1952, pp 75-97. w Jan Breman, "Mobilization of Landless Labourers: Halpatis of South Gujarat," EPW, 23 March 1974, p 490. y8 Ghattopadhyay, op cit., p A-191. 81 Hari Sharma, "Green Revolution: Prelude to a Red One?", in Kathleen Gough and Hari Sharma (eds.). Imperialism and Revolution in South Asia, Monthly Review Press, New York 1974. ^ Joan Mencher, "Problems of Analyzing the Rural Class Structure", EPW, 31 August 1974. Lo Pranab Bardhan, "Variations in the Extent and Form of Agricultural Tenancy", EPW, 11 and 18 September 1976. y'7 Ashok Rudra, "Loans as a Part of Agrarian Relations", EPW, 12 July 1975, and "Sharccropping in East Bengal," EP W Review ofAgriculture, September 1975. 88 Parthasarathy and Rao, op cit; Paresh Chattapadhyay, "Dependent Capitalist Development in India" in Kathleen Gough and Hari Sharma (eds.) Imperialism and Revolution in India, Monthly Review Press, New York 1973. •r{9 Pranab Bardhan, op cit. 40 Mencher, op cit., Sheila Bhalla, "New Relations of Production in Haryana Agriculture" EPW Review of Agriculture, March 1976; Kathleen Gough, "Changing Agrarian Relations in Thanjavur, 1957-76", Kerala Sociological Review (forthcoming).