PATTERNS OF EMIGRATION FROM KERALA 53 11 Peter Martin, "Arabian Perspectives—A Survey ", The Economist, London, December 10, 1977. 12 At the end of the Second Five Year Development Plan of Saudi Arabia (1975-80) the number of college students is expected to be 49000 as against 14500 at present. Lovjeet Kohli, Focus Saudi Arabia, The New Arab, October 1977. In Kuwait, education is next only to defence in importance and 24 percent of the national budget is spent on it. Lovjeet Kohli, Focus: Kuwait, The New Arab, January-February 1977). For each student in Abu Dhabi, the government gives a stipend of upto 15 dinars a month, besides providing free books, stationery, food, health service, uniforms and travel, Kala Kaumudi, December 11, 1977. In UAE, the first University has been started recently with 130 students in the first batch. n Peter Martin, op. cit. 14 Ibid. 15 For a discussion of this and other negative effects of emigration on the country of provenance, see Adriana Marshall, The Import of Labour, Rotterdam University Press, 1973. 16 Recruiting workers abroad for West German industry has been stopped and the government has taken other steps also to reduce the number of immigrants; their number has already been reduced by 700,000, New Times, January 1978. Immigrants facing the threat of repatriation include many Malayalee nurses also. 17 In England, the threat to immigrants is on the increase and even the next general election may well be fought on the race issue, "if the latest Tory proposal to reduce the flow of coloured immigrants is any indicator." The Hindu, January 23, 1978.