SCHOLARSHIP AND IDEOLOGY 37 2 Conyers Read, cited by Michael Parent!, The Anti-Communist Impulse, Random House, 1969,p 75. 3 See the references of note L 4 Foreign Relations of the United States, Japan, 1931-1941, Volume II, p 529; The Pentagon Papers, Gravel Edition; The Defense Department History of United States Decision-making on Vietnam, Volume I, p 8. 5 See Gabriel Kolko, The Politics of War, Random House, 1968; and for the subsequent years, Joyce and Gabriel Kolko, The Limits of Power, Harper and Row, 1972. 6 "Corporations and American Foreign Relations", Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, The Multinational Corporation, September 1972. 7 Cited by Ralph Miliband, The State in Capitalist Society, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1969, in an excellent discussion of this whole matter. 8 Cited in Charles B Maurer, Call to Revolution, Wayne State University Press, 1971, p 174. 9 Introduction to Gar Alperovitz, Cold War Essays, Anchor Books, 1970, where the comments quoted above also appear. 10 On some of the means employed by the US to counter this threat, see Kolko, and also A W McCoy et. al. The Politics of Heroin in South-East Asia, Harper and Row, 1972. McCoy describes how ClA-backed goon squads helped break communist strikes in Marseille in 1947 and 1950, placing "a Socialist—underworld alliance... in control of Marseille politics", and incidentally making Marseille ^the postwar heroin capital of the Western world", with the assistance of American labour unions. Given the realities of the political struggle in France and elsewhere, it is very misleading for American scholars (Schlesinger, for example) to invoke socialist support for early U S Cold War policies as a proof that they were not aimed at restoring European capitalism. n "The military establishment". Foreign Policy, Winter 1970-1971. 12 Carl Oglesby and Richard Shaull, Containment and Change, Macmillan, 1967. 13 The Transformation of American Foreign Policy, Norton, 1969. 14 The J\few Industrial State, Houghton Mifflin, 1967, (my emphasis). In the revised 1971 edition, this is converted into a more tenable assertion by replacing 'the* by 15 Lord George-Brown, "A victory for alliance", Saturday Review of the Society, December 1972. On U S government propaganda victories with regard to interpretation of the war, see the references of note 1, introduction. The Pentagon Papers history is a particularly interesting example of an effort to construct a picture of the U S as defensive and reactive, despite the documentary evidence at hand, some of which is seriously falsified in the process. For discussion, see reference of note 1, and also several essays in N Chomsky and H Zinn, (ed), Critical Essays, volume 5 of the Gravel edition of the Pentagon Papers, Beacon Press, 1972. 16 The Radical Left and American Foreign Policy, John Hopkins, 1971. 17 ration or Empire ?John Hopkins, 1968.