MARCUSES HUMANISM AND THE NEW LEFT 15 munism gradually overtake the more advanced capitalist countries, the temporary technological resemblance between the two groups will disappear, and it is on this that the theory of convergence relies. After all, technology, however mighty it may be, is only an instrument of man's activity, which in different social systems is used to. bring nearer different social goals based on mutually exclusive values and ideals.993 Thus, unlike the Marxists, Marcuse has a different perspective of history and looks at the stages of economic growth to apply the theory of covergence to all industrially advanced countries in which technical rationality overshadows everything else. Another feature of Marcuse's theoretical construction that merits attention is his complete break with history which has a sociological implication of his philosophical stand on negative dialectics. In spite of the fact that HegeFs orientation is idealistic and that of Marx materialistic, both share the view that the movement of reality is triadic marked by affirmation (thesis), negation (antithesis) and negation of the negation (synthesis). The synthesis contains some elements of thesis and some of antithesis. Thus there is continuity in history which passes from lower to highter stages. The present encapsulates the past; the future emerges from within the present. Marcuse does not take into account the category of synthesis, the negation of the negation. His philosophical stand is basically geared to polarized categories (antimonies). Its sociological implication is that the existing system should be completely negated. Marcuse writes: "The implication is that these possibilities must be conceived in forms that signify a break rather than a continuity with previous history, its negation rather than its positive continuation, difference rather than progress.'94 Psychoanalysis and Repression His negative dialectics is linked up with his concept of the Great Refusal, a complete transcendence of "one-dimensional society59 with a view to emancipating "one-dimensional man99. Marcuse contends that advanced industrial societies produce "a pattern of one-dimensional thought and behaviour995 and this stands in the way of a radical transformation. A radical break with the present calls for two things: revolution in consciousness and political revolution. What stands in the way of the former is the divergence between objective and subjective needs. That the realization of human freedom is possible is indicated by the abundance of material resources which modern technology can harness to