22 SOCIAL SCIENTIST was that in some experiments people were made to contribute for their local health schemes which only furthered their exploitation and deprived them'of their due share in the national resources. There were some, however, who pointed out that the delivery of primary health care is essentially a political question which can be solved only if the socio-economic and political forces determining the health status and health services are remoulded. One such group was the Dag Hammarskjold Foundation. A special committee of the Foundation lias, right from its inception, broadly reflected the liberal opinion with an occasional hint of the radical. While its liberalism certainly makes it more appealing compared to the cold and schematic attitudes of the various United Nations bodies, it still suffers from the limitations of its liberal ideology, particularly when it proclaimed establishment of self-reliance and economic and social independence of the Third World countries as its objective. Three Aspects For some time now, the Foundation has been trying to explore how the ideas of primary health care can become a part of an alternative health service and how such an alternative health service can be evolved as part of a total development programme for the Third World. The Foundation's approach to the question of alternatives in health, therefore, can be analysed only in relation to its general framework of development. Since 1973 the Foundation has been working on the need to redefine the goals, scope and content of development. Its understanding of the process is reflected in its approach to development which is "of every man and woman— of the whole man and v^oman—and not just the growth of things, which are merely means. Development geared to the satisfaction of needs beginning with the basic needs of the poor who constitute the world's majority at the same time, development to ensure the huma-nisation of man by the satisfaction of his needs for expression, creativity, conviviality and for deciding his own destiny."2 Its experts working on varied subjects have also made concerted efforts at developing alternatives in the sphere of production and the use of resources, science and technology, community services, planning and management, and social alternatives. This whole gamut of ideas has been presented as "another development'5—the path which alone, according to them, can lead mankind out of its present crisis of confrontation between rich and poor nations,into the new international order. In 1975 the Foundation propounded the concept of another development in its report entitled What Mow?3 It proposed