HEALTH SERVICE 23 a conceptual framework of another development with three main components defined as i) development geared to the satisfaction needs beginning with removal of poverty, ii) endogenous and self-reliant development, that is, relying on the strength of the societies which undertake it and iii) development which is in harmony with environment. It recognized the existence of classes and their vested interests both at national and international levels, the need for the poor to organize and assert themselves and the linkage of local development with international relations. It rejected the myth of limited world resources against its demographic growth and professed possibilities of growth if it was of another kind. Above all, it recognized that "the contradiction between the privileged of both the worlds should not conceal the contradiction between the exploiters and the exploited within each society. The latter and principal contradiction will often be more difficult to overcome than the former, which is secondary insofar as the exploitation of the poor is essential to the existence of the rich in each society."4 In discussing the requirements of another development the report puts forward two propositions: i) structural transformation and ii) immediate action which is necessary and possible. The importance of the unity of these elements was emphasized but its actual exercise was conspicuously missing throughout the discussion on the conceptual framework of another development. Accepting in principle the theme that the satisfaction of material needs of people in isolation from psychological and political needs is neither possible, nor consistent with another development on the pretext of sheer necessity of survival and large-scale deprivation in the Third World, the argument was turned on to the problem of scarcity of resources. It was argued that absolute scarcity was not the reason for the poverty of the Third World "but rather their distribution, traditional mechanisms fostering nequality having been aggravated by an indiscriminate imitation of the pattern of the industrialised societies."6 In so doing, however, the crucial issue of why this inequal distribution and indiscriminate imitation existed was sidetracked and attention focussed only on treatment of symptoms of poverty like scarcity of food, education and health services. The causes of poverty which lay in the actual control of resources of the world and the social mechanisms of such a control did not receive the attention that they deserved. The result of this imbalance was that in the requirements for another development, structural changes assumed a secondary place while cooperation and goodwill of the rich countries and their aid programmes occupied the centre of the