30 SOCIAL SCIENTIST TABLE IV VILLAGE PRODUCER'S SHARE OF CONSUMER'S RUPEE (AS PERCENF) IN LOCAL DISTRICT CENTRE FOR SORGHUM, fS), RED GRAM (RG) AND GREEN GRAM (GG)—1971-1972 Andhra region Rayalseema Telfngana District S RG GG District S RG GG District S RG GG Srikakulam 73 76 28 Chittoor 72 — - Hyderabad 56 86 56 Vizakhapatnam 44 80 45 Guddapah 79 88 63 Medak 64 83 53 E Godavari 73 82 74 Kurnool 67 — 40 Adilabad 53 88 44 WGodavari 78 88 65 Anantapur 67 81 77 Warangal 34 85 24 Krishna 80 88 86 Kham am 30 84 12 Guntur 47 81 45 Mahabubnagar 55 87 38 Prakasam/Ongole 54 86 41 Karimnagar 44 86 42 Nellore 84 83 83 " Nalgonda 71 87 63 SOURCE: Cost of production and marketing co^t data from Regional Assistant Directors of Marketing Reports in Appendices VIII pp 70-71 ofDept of Marketing, Report on the Marketing ofjowar in Andhra Pradesh: pp 63-82, Survey Report on^the Marketing of Redgram in Andhra Pradesh, pp 44-47, Report on the Marketing of Green gram in Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad, 1977 region where average wholesale market prices are on the whole the highest. This suggests that historically early regulation cannot have reduced the monopoly power over rural sellers or^urban based fbodgrains traders whatever it has done to those producers who do manage to sell in regulated markets. The state's intervention in the sphere of exchange in dryland regions does not necessarily have progressive effects. We have no convincing evidence yet of improved market competitiveness as a result of the massive extension of state power in this way. The economic power of existing private systems of exchange clearly far exceeds that of the state. However, until the modus operandi of such systems is studied much more systematically, in particular the linked social relations involved in the exchange of commodities, and of the money which market regulation cannot supervise, our understanding of the struggle between two fractions of merchants' and finance capital (private traders and the state) to appropriate financial resources through marketing remains far from adequate. 1 S P Singh, Centre-State Relations in Agricultural Development, Delhi, Vikas 1973. 2 Statistics of Agricultural Marketing 1963-1961, Hyderabad, Directorate of Marketing, Government of Andhra Pradesh, 1970, pp v-vi. 8 Op cit, p v. 4 Regulated Markets in Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad,Marketing Department, Government of Andhra Pradesh, 1975, p xiii. Laws Relating to the Establishment and Regulation of Markets for the Sale and Purchase of Agricultural Produce etc., Hyderabad, Law Commission of Andhra Pradesh, 1962' Fourteenth Report, p 3. 6 Op cit, p 5. 7 Regulated Markets in Andhra Pradesh, op cit. 8 Karnataka Agricultural Produce Marketing {Regulation) Act 1966 and Rules 1968, Banga-