YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN CHINA / 45 the youth waiting for job assignments to participate in collective productive labour or work in the service trader. Henceforth all those under 35 waiting for job assignments, who meet employment requirements, may be assigned to work either at the state owned or at the collectively owned enterprises in , accordance with the municipalities' unified plans. Those educated youth serving productive service cooperatives may qualify themselves for recruitment by state owned enterprises, enrolment in institutes of higher learning, technical vocational schools, or conscription by the state. Those employed in the productive service cooperatives, commence their service from the day they take up jobs, and on being recruited to the state owned or other collectively owned enterprises, their service would be extended. These are meant to promote facilities and opportunities for mobility from one job to another for the youth. Nontheless, the discontent among the youth persists. Of late they have been openly demanding from the party leadership better opportunities to the youth. The new leadership's liberal attitude towards the ex-landlord and comprador class has contributed to intensifying this demand. As the party's hands are tight, it strives to persuade the youth to accept job assignments in the rural areas. But since the concessions it is giving to the youth going to the countryside are not attractive the discontent among the youth persists. 1 Peoples Daily, 11 August 1979. 2 C Howe, China's Economy: A Basic Guide, London, Paul Eiek, 1978, p 17. 8 Ibid, p 18. 4 Ta Kung Pao, 29 October 1950. 6 Ten Great Tears, Peking, Foreign Language Press, 1960, p 192. 6 Current Background, No 140, p 6. 7 Sec, Lewis, quoted in Bernstein, Up to the Mountiains and Down to the Villages .London ^ Yale University Press, 1977, p 15. 8 See Ghen Muhua's article in People's Daily, 11 August 1979. 9 Liu and Yeh, The Economy of the Chinese Mainland: National Income and Economic Development, 1933-1959. Princeton, 1965. Also see, Eckstein and others (ed). Economic Trends in Communist China, Chicago, Aldine Publishing Company, 1968. ^ Ibid, pp 340-347. 11 Ten Great Tears, op cit, p 180. 12 Ibid.p 157. 18 Economic Trends in Communist China, op cit, p 372. 14 Hou Chi-ming, "Manpower Employment and Unemployment" ibid, p 373. u Ishikawa, quoted by Wheel Wright and MacFarlane, The Chinese Road to Socialisms Economics of the Cultural Revolution, Penguine, 1973, p 41. 16 Mao Zedong, "On Correct Handling of Contradictions among the People*', Four Essays on Philosophy, Peking, Foreign Language Press, 1966; pp 122-^23, and Bernstein, op cit, p 7. 17 Economic Trends in Communist China, op cit, pp 380-381.