CASHEW INDUSTRY 31 In other words, no worker gets either full employment continuously for four months or remains continuously unemployed for the rest of the year. However, there is no regular pattern in the spread and distribution of employment over the calendar year. As a result, when some factories provide employment to their workers, others are shut down completely. This is a significant feature of employment in the cashew industry. The Annual Survey of Industries (ASl) provides some insight into the structure of the cashew industry. We have taken 1963 and 1974-75 as two time points for comparing the A S I data 1 on the structure of the industry. From the data available the following measures arc estimated: fixed capital per factory, working capital per factory, workers per factory, employees per factory, average wage per worker, average emolument per employee, value ©f material input required to produce Rs 1000 worth of output, output per employee, value added per employee, capital-output ratio, fixed capital per employee, working capital per employee and wage as percentage of value of output. (Table I). TABLE I STRUCTURE OF CASHEW INDUSTRY Item 1963 1974-75 Fixed capital per factory (Rs thousands) 34 55 Working capital per factory (Rs thousands) 90 434 Workers per factory (number) 469 369 Employees per factory 488 386 Average wage per worker (Rs) 407.18 735.44 Average emolument per employee (RsJ 456.01 969.10 Value of material input required to produce Rs 1000 worth of output (Rs) 675.40 783.00 Output per employee fRs) 2314 7510 Value added per employee (Rs) 697 1613 Capital-output ratio 0.030 0.019 Fixed capital per employee (Rs) 70.04 143.32 Working capital per employee (Rs) 185.36 1124.72 Wage as percentage of output 65.41 43.55 SOURCE: Annual Survey of Industries The table shows some interesting points. They arc: 1) the increase in working capital per factory and working capital per employee in the cashew industry has been very substantial; 2) workers per factory and employees per factory have declined; 3) while output per employed increased a little over three times, the average emoluments per employee increased only two times; 4) the value of material input required to produce Rs 1000 worth of output showed only a small increase; 5) wage as a percentage of output actually decreased.