Social Scientist. v 9, no. 98-99 (Sept-Oct 1980) p. 107.


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CHILB 107

measures, systematic and powerful propaganda techniques and financial and commercial agencies."

However, the auihor is not blind to the internal situation K^omible for the death of democratic foices in Chile. He has documented his analysis with relevant facts about the physical features of the country, its socio-economic conditions, class struc-tuic, trade and industry, struggle between rightist and leftist forces and so on, but hi? whole discussion boils dow^ to only one con-dusion: the native aristocratic and middle classes fell a pray to the nefarious propaganda agaipst socialism unleashed by the vested interest of the United States and provided every support to the American machinations to succeed in their subversive mission.

Srshadri tells us that the earlier presidents, Ibanez (1952-1958),Allessandri (1958-1964) and Free (1964-1970), also talked about land reform, but did nothing for improving the condition of the peasantiy. Though most of the land was in the hands of big landlords, ironically enough, a team of American economic advisers recommended certain measures which might not have affected the interest of the landlords, for example, low wages, high prices and less employment. In w^hosc interest were these recommendations to be implemented? As a matter of fact, the native capitalists were praducing luxury goods for the aristocracy and newly emerging middle classes who were aping "modernism^ of the West, while the country wa<{ totally dependent on foreign powers, paxticularly the United States which controlled Chile's foreign trade in copp

There was a time vvhen all copper mines were controlled by Amcricnn .monopolists who dominated even the government development corporation. Guided by their mercenary motives, the American administration had been spending money in academic, religious and cultural activities of Chile for publicizing their ideology of free trade and commercial culture, but after the installation ofAllende's socialist government, they changed their policy. Scshadri digs at the much publicized American love for humanity when he refers to the International Development Agency's refusal to advance loan for eastablishing a petro-chernical industrial complex and for emergency relief for the victims of earthquake, Nixon^s refusal to give financial assistance to buy wheat from the United^States when Chile was facing a grave food shortage and Rogei's pronouncement to cut off all aid. At the same time, the author observes, universities received large amounts of money for



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