252
CHIND TYIN RI hER
grass jungle; population is sparse, and villages are few and far between.
South of Maukkadaw the valley widens out, the hills retire, hamlets
multiply, and broad level plains are covered with crops typical of the
dry zone. After passing Kani on the right bank and Alon, the terminus
of the Sagaing-Alon Railway, on the left, Monywa, the head-quarters of
the Lower Chindwin District (also on the left bank), is reached, South
of Monywa the river forms the boundary between Sagaing and Pakokku
Districts, flows past the market towns of Amyin and Yesagyo, and
eventually empties itself into the Irrawaddy about half-way between the
towns of Pakokku and Myingyan. The Chindwin is altogether between
5oo and 6oo miles in length. For more than 400 miles it is navigable
during certain seasons of the year for steam traffic. The steamers of
the Irrawaddy Flotilla Company run the whole year round as high as
Kindat, Zoo miles from its mouth, and during the rains as high as
Homalin, about r30 miles farther up the stream. Country boats ply
freely through its whole length, both above and below the rapids, and
it is utilized largely for rafting. The banks of the river are used for the
cultivation of tobacco and other kaing crops. In its lower reaches
water-wheels are here and there used for lifting water to the level of the
fields on the banks; and in the neighbourhood of the Irrawaddy there
are a few minor village irrigation works which depend for their water-
supply on the main stream, but the latter has not yet been worked
systematically for irrigation purposes. There are no bridges over the
Chindwin, and no ferries of more than local importance.
Chingleput District (Sengalunirpattu, or 'water-lily brook').-Dis-
trict on the east coast of the Madras Presidency, lying between r 2° 15'
and r3° 47' N. and 79 34' and 80° 2i' E., with an area of 3,079 square
miles. It is bounded on the east by the Bay of Bengal ; on the north
by Nellore ; and on the west and south by North and South Arcot ; and
it encloses within its limits Madras City, the capital of the Province.
The District is flat and dreary near the sea, but undu-
aspects. Physical lating, and in some places even hilly, elsewhere. The
c
scenery contains little to attract the eye in any of the
three northern tdhiks of Saidapet, Ponneri, and Tiruvallur, except where,
in the extreme north of the last, the Nagalapuram hills and the ridge
of which the highest peak is the well-known Kambakkam Drug con-
tribute a few picturesque effects. These are the only hills of any size
in the District. The height of Kambakkam Drug is 2,548 feet above
sea-level, and that of the Nagalapuram hills about 2,500 feet. The
Conjeeveram tdluk is also marked by little to relieve the monotony.
Parts of the Chingleput and the Madurantakarn tdlztks are, however,
quite pretty, consisting of undulating plains varied by small ridged or
conical hills running up to an elevation of some 6oo feet.
The river system of the District consists of a series of streams which
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