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Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 11, p. 71.

CUDDAPAH TALUK 71 1880-1 was 6,701; in 1890-i, 14,::;29; in 1900-1, 19,856; and in 1903--4, 21,590- The improvement during the last twenty-three years has thus been great. On March 31., 1904, there were in the District 985 educational institutions, of which 906 were classed as public and 79 as private. Of the former, 6 were managed by the Educational department, 92 by the local boards, and 6 by the Cuddapah munici- pality ; while 347 were aided from public funds, and 455 were unaided but conformed to the rules of the department. They comprised 891 primary, 14 secondary schools, and one training school. The girls in them numbered 2,499. The District possesses no Arts college. The very great majority of the pupils under instruction are in primary classes. Of the male population of school-going age 17.6 per cent. were in the primary stage in 1903-4, and of the female population of the same age 2.6 per cent. Among Musalmans (who, however, form a comparatively small proportion of the population) the corresponding percentages were 35-0 and 5-1. About 650 Panchama pupils were under instruction at 188 schools especially maintained for depressed castes. The two high schools are the municipal high school at Cud- dapah and the native school at Madanapalle. The total expenditure on education in 1903-4 was Rs.1,25,000, of which Rs- 49,000 was derived from fees. Of the total, 82 per cent. was devoted to primary schools. The District possesses 3 hospitals and 9 dispensaries, which contain accommodation for 98 in-patients. In 1903 the number of cases treated was 105,000, of whom 1,1oo were in-patients, and 2,850 opera- tions were performed. The expenditure was RS. 26,200, i:he greater part of which was met from Local and. municipal funds. The hospitals at Madanapalle and Cuddapah possess endowments from public sub- cription; and there is an excellent mission hospital at Jammalamadugu. In regard to vaccination the Disuict has generally been backward. In 1903-4 the number of persons successfully vaccinated. was only 24.6 per i,ooo of the population, or far less than the mean for the Presidency (30). Vaccination is compulsory in the municipality of Cuddapah and in twelve of the seventeen Unions. [For further information regarding the District see the Cuddaapah District Manual, by J. D. B. Gribble (1875).] Cuddapah Taluk.-Subdivision and tdluh in the District of the same name, Madras, lying between 14° 17′ and 14° 43′ N. and 78° 21′ and 78° 55′ E., with an area of 764 square miles. It is bounded on the south and east by the Palkonda Hills, and on the north partly by the Lankamalla range. The population in 1901 was 155,541, com- pared with 154,899 1n 1891 ; and the density was 204 persons per square mile, the District average being 148. The annual rainfall is 32 inches, compared with the District average of 28 inches. It con-