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Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 11, p. 126.

126 DALHOUSLE The first project for the formation of a sanitarium at this spot origi- nated with Colonel Napier (Lord Napier of Magdala) in 1851. In 1853 the British Government purchased the site from the Raja of Chamba, and the new station was marked out in 1854. No systematic occupation, however, took place until 1860. In that year Dalhousie was attached to the District of Gurdaspur, the road from the plains was widened, and building operations commenced on a large scale. Troops were stationed in the Balun barracks in 1868, and the sanitarium rapidly acquired reputation. The municipality was created in 1867. The income during the ten years ending 1902-3 averaged Rs. 23,600, and the expenditure Rs. 22,ooo. The income in 1903-4 was Rs. 23,500, chiefly derived from taxes on houses and land (Rs. 8,8oo), water rate (Rs. 3,4oo), and municipal property, &c. (Rs. 4,800) ; and the expenditure was Rs. 21,4oo. The income and expenditure of can- tonment funds during the ten years ending 1903-4 averaged Rs. 6,8oo and Rs. 6,2oo respectively. Water-works have been constructed at a cost of about Rs. 6o,ooo. The principal educational institution is the Dalhousie Convent School for girls, and there are a church and a hospital., Dalhousie is the bead-quarters of the Commissioner of the Lahore Division during part of the summer months, and an Assistant Commissioner is posted to the place during the hot season. The Punjab Banking Company maintains a branch here in the season. Dalma.-The highest hill in Manbhum District, Bengal, situated in the heact-quarters subdivision in 22° 53′ N. and 86° 14′ E., rising to a height of 3,407 feet above sea-level. It has been described as the rival of Parasnath ; but it lacks the bold precipices and commanding peaks of that hill, and is merely a long rolling ridge rising gradually to its highest point. Its slopes are covered with dense forest, but are accessible to beasts of burden. The chief aboriginal tribes living on the hill are the Kharias and Paharias. Dalmau Tahsil.-South-western lahsil of Rae Bareli District, United Provinces, comprising the parganas of Dalmau, Sareni, and Khiron, and lying between 25° 57′ and 26° 22′ N. and 80° 41′ and 81° 21′ E., along the Ganges, with an area of 472 square miles. Popu- lation fell from 275,786 in 1891 to 270,900 in 1901. There are 575 villages, but only one town, DALMAU (population, 5,635). The demand for land revenue in 1903-4 was Rs. 4,46,ooo, and for cesses Rs. 71,000. The density of population, 574 persons per square mile, is below the District average. Along the Ganges lies a strip of fertile alluvial soil, the lower stretches of which are flooded in the rains. The upland area is a rich loam, turning to sandy soil near the west, where it is crossed by the Lon!, an affluent of the Ganges, and to clay in the north, where a chain of jhils marks an old river-bed. In 1903-4 the area under cultivation was 256 square miles, of which 153 were irri-