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Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 12, p. 364.

364 GUJRĀT DLSTRICT and Siālkot. The northern corner is crossed by the Pabbi Hills, a low range, pierced by the Jhelum at Mong Rāsul, which forms a con tinuation of the Salt Range. These hills consist o Physical aspects. a friable Tertiary sandstone and conglomerate, pre- senting a chaos of rock, naked or clothed with roug scrub, and deeply scored with precipitous ravines. Their highest poin has an elevation of 1,400 feet above sea-level, or about 6oo feet abov the surrounding plain. Immediately below and surrounding these hills, a high and undulating submontane plateau extends across the north of the District from the Jhelum eastwards, till it terminates in a pre cipitous bank 100 to Zoo feet in height, which almost overhangs th waters of the Taw! and Chenāb. At the foot of the plateau a bel of upland crosses the District, ending in a high bank, beneath which lies a strip of lowland about 8 miles in width, which forms the wide valley of the Chenāb. A similar narrow belt of lowland fringes th Jhelum. The surface of the doāb thus descends in a series of step towards the south and west, and a section of the line along the gran trunk road shows a rise of 111 feet from the Chenāb to the Jhelu in a distance of 34 miles. Besides the great boundary rivers, th Jhelum and Chenāb, the District is intersected by numerous hil torrents rising in the Outer Himalayas or the Pabb! Hills, the chie being the Bhimbar, Bhandar, Dalli, Dabnli, Doara, and Bakal. Mos of these streams, although unmanageable torrents in the rains, eithe dry up entirely during the dry season, or find their way into the Chenā by insignificant channels. The greater part of the District lies on the Indo-Gangetic alluvium but beds of Siwalik (Upper Tertiary) age are found in the Pabb! o Kharian Hills, which are composed of an enormous accumulatio of sandstones, sands, conglomerates, and clays. The sandstones a highly fossiliferous, and have yielded great numbers of mammalia bones and teeth, including species of EQuus, Bos, Elephas, an Cervus. None of the submontane Districts, except Sialkot, has a scantie flora than Gujrāt, but the low Pabb! range supports a few stunte trees and shrubs of kinds abundant in the neighbouring Salt Rang and dry Outer Himalaya. In the broken country at the north-cas corner, and on the bank of the Chenab farther to the south, ther is a good deal of scrub, chiefly Acacia modesta and reed jungle. Th dhāk (Butea frondosa) is fairly common, while the kikar (Acaci~ arabica) and horse-radish-tree (Moringa pteryg-osperma) occur also, th first being fully naturalized in the northern part. Wolves are found in the Pabbi Hills and hyenas are occasional) met with ; nilgai and antelope are rare, but `ravine deer' (India gazelle) are not at all uncommon on the hills. Wild hog are numerou