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Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 12, p. 438.

438 G WAI,IOR GIR-n GWALIOR (16,807), and MORAR (19,179); and 614 villages. It is divided into three par~wnas, with head-quarters at Mastura, Pichhor, and Lashkar respectively. The land revenue is Rs. 5,z5,ooo. At Antri, not far from the railway station, stands the tomb of Abul Fazl, the author of the Ain-i-Akbari, who was murdered near the spot by Bir Singh Deo of Orchlla. Gwalior City.-This name is commonly used by Europeans to describe the present capital of the Gwalior State, and is thus errone- ously applied to two distinct areas. The northern town, which stands on the site of the ancient city of Gwalior, lies at the foot of the cele- brated fort of the same name, while LASHKAR, the real capital, is situated z miles to the south. The Gwalior station on the Midland section of the Great Indian Peninsula Railway is one mile from Gwalior, two from Lashkar. The population of both places at the three enumerations was: (1881) 88,066, (1891) 104,083, (1901) 119,433 (including Gwalior, Lashkar, and Brigade). Hindus formed 74 per cent. and Musalmąns 23 per cent. Gwalior proper is a decaying town and only contained 16,807 inhabi tants at the last Census. In the sixteenth century Gwalior was the chief town of one of the sarkārs of the Sfbah of MALWA. It was famous for stone-carving, an industry which still survives, the manu- facture of glazed tiles and jewellery, now lost arts, and ironware made from metal smelted locally. Until the opening of the present Agra- Bombay high road, Gwalior was also important as being one of the principal stages on the great route from the Deccan which passed by Sironj, Narwar, Gwalior, and Dholpur to Agra. The old city of Gwalior is now a desolate-looking collection of half- empty, dilapidated, flat-roofed stone houses, deserted mosques, and ruined tombs. As it stands, the town is entirely Muhammadan in cha racter, no old Hindu remains being traceable. It has one good main street, and, in spite of its generally wretched appearance, contains several fine buildings. The Jama Masjid, built of red sandstone, is a good example of later Mughal style. The main building was erected in the time of Jahangir (1605-27), a new end being added in 1665. The mosque of Khandola Khan, his tomb and that of his son Naziri Khan, as well as several other tombs, are noticeable for the excellent carved stone with which they are decorated, much of the pierced screen-work being of unusual beauty. To the east of the town stands the mauso- leum of Muhammad Ghaus, a fine example of early Mughal architecture. It is built in the form of a square, with hexagonal towers at its corners surmounted by small domes. The body of the building is enclosed on all sides by carved stone lattices of elaborate and delicate design, the whole being surmounted by a large dome, which was originally covered with blue glazed tiles. Shaikh Muhammad Ghaus, whose body lies