24
NELLORL' TOWN
Colonel Forde. Najib-ullah left the town to be defended by a garrison
of 3,000 men, assisted by 20 French from Masulipatam. After a few
days' bombardment, a breach was made in the mud wall, but the
storming party, consisting mainly of the British contingent, was repulsed
with loss. Najib-ullah remained in arms throughout the following
year; but when the French under Lally withdrew from before Madras
in 1759, he submitted and was reappointed governor of the country.
During the wars with Haidar Ali, Nellore to a great extent escaped the
general devastation. In 1790, on the breaking out of the war with
Tipu Sultan, the British resolved to undertake the direct management
of the revenues of the Carnatic, which had long been pledged to them
by the Nawab, and Mr. Dighton was appointed the first Collector of
Nellore. At the conclusion of the peace with Tip in 1792 the
administration was restored to the Nawab, but it was permanently
assumed by the British in 1801.
Besides the usual administrative offices, Nellore possesses a small
District jail, in which the convicts are employed in gardening and
weaving. The houses of the European residents are on the south of
the native town along the bank of a large tank, on the farther side
of which rises the temple-crowned hill of Narasimhakonda. Nellore
was constituted a municipality in 1866. The receipts and expenditure
during the ten years ending 1902-3 averaged Rs. 44,000. In 1903-4
the receipts were Rs. 55,000, the chief sources being the house and
land taxes (Rs. 17,7oo) and tax on vehicles and animals (Rs.6,ooo);
while the main items of expenditure were conservancy (Rs. 14,000),
medical needs (Rs. fo,ooo), and roads and buildings (Rs. 7,ooo). The
municipal hospital contains beds for 40 in-patients. Surveys and levels
have been taken for a scheme for supplying the place with water. The
average rainfall is about 36 inches. In the hot season, temperatures
of 112' and over in the shade are not uncommon.
Nellore is not of much industrial importance, the only factories or
crafts being a rice-husking mill,. a private workshop in process of
development, and the dyeing of cloths. The chief educational institu-
tions are the United Free Church Mission high school and the
Venkatagiri Raja's high school, both educating up to the matriculation
standard. The former was established in 1841 and the latter in 1876.
The American Baptist Mission and the Roman Catholic Mission, both
of which have been long settled in the town, also maintain several
schools.
Nemar,-Zila in Indore State, Central India. See NIMAR ZILA.
Nemawar.-District of the Indore State, Central India, lying
between 22° 17' and 22° 55' N. and 76° 3o' and 77° 11' E., on the
north bank of the Narbada, with an area of 1,059 square miles. The
greater -part lies in the fertile alluvial plain which forms the valley
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