PENNER 103
miles in length; and its principal tributaries are the Pus, the Arna
and Aran, which unite before they flow into it, the Chandrabhaga,
the Waghari, which displays on its banks, a curious laminated forma-
tion of Purana sandstone, and the Vaidarbha, which is the adjec-
tival form of the name of the old kingdom of heroic times. All
these tributaries flow into the Penganga from the north.
Pennahobilam.-Village in the Gooty tdluk of Anantapur District,
Madras, situated in r4° 52' N. and 77° r9' E. Population (1901),
only three persons. It stands on the bank of the Penner river just
where this turns eastwards for the first time. The channel at this
point is narrow and rocky. The village is a sacred place of pilgrimage,
as it contains a famous temple to Narasimha, the man-lion incarnation
of Vishnu. This building is not architecturally remarkable, much of
it being made only of plaster ; but it is most picturesquely situated
on rising ground among fine trees, under which stand a crowd of
buildings for the accommodation of pilgrims.
Penner (Uttara Pindkini or Northern Penner).-River of Southern
India which rises on Channarayan-betta, to the north-west of Nandi-
droog in the Kolar District of Mysore, and running north-west past
Goribidnur, enters the Anantapur District of Madras, at one point
again crossing Mysore in a projecting part of the Pavugada tdluk
(Tumkur District). Some distance north of Anantapur it turns to the
east, and passing through Cuddapah and Nellore Districts, falls into
the sea below Nellore town. Its tributaries from Mysore are the
Jayamangali, Chitravati, and Papaghni.
In Anantapur District the Penner runs for the most part in a wide
and sandy bed. It comas down in sudden freshes (generally in
October and November) for two or three days at a time, and then
as quickly dries up again. In Cuddapah it is joined on its right bank
by the Chitravati, and the two streams have forced a passage for them-
selves through the picturesque gorge of GANDIKOTA, about a mile
long and 300 feet deep. Lower down the Papaghni flows into it, and
thereafter, as it winds through the Eastern Ghats, its course again
becomes wild and beautiful.
The river enters Nellore District through a narrow gap in the Ghats
near Somasila, and thenceforward is for the first time rendered useful
for irrigation. From Somasila to Sangam, a distance of 25 miles,
it waters about 5,ooo acres from inundation channels. At Sangam
it is crossed by a dam, built in 1886, which is 4,072 feet long. On
the left bank of the river this dam supplies the great Kanigiri reservoir,
and thus irrigates 86,ooo acres ; and a channel is being constructed
from it on the right bank, which will fill the Nellore reservoir and
water ro,ooo more. Lower down the river, at Nellore town, a dam
constructed in 1855 was repaired and brought into its present shape
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