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Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 21, p. 72.

7 2 R,4JGARH TO WN a post office, and a hospital with accommodation for 7 in-patients. The lahsil contains 187 villages, and more than 36 per cent. of the inhabitants are Jats. As most of them belong to the Pùniya clan, the tract used to be called locally the Pùniya pargana. The Katli river sometimes flows in the south for a few miles. Rajgïr.-Ruined town in the Bihar subdivision of Patna District, Bengal, situated in 25° 2' N. and 85° 26' E. Population (igoi), 1,575. It was identified by Dr. Buchanan-Hamilton with Rajagriha, the resi- dence of Buddha and capital of the ancient Magadha ; and by General Cunningham with Kusa-nagara-pura (`the town of the kus grass'), visited by Hiuen Tsiang and called by him Kiu-she-lo-pu-lo. Rajagriha, meaning `the royal residence,' was also known as Giribraja, I the hill surrounded'; and under this name the capital of Jarâsandha, king of Magadha, is mentioned in both the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. It is also described by Fa Hian and Hiuen Tsiang, the Chinese pilgrims, the latter of whom gives an account of the hot springs found at this place. The five hills surrounding the town, mentioned in the Mahabharata and in the Pali annals, have been examined by General Cunningham. The first, Baibhar, is identified with the Webhars moun- tain of the Pali annals, on the side of which was the famous Sattapanni Cave, where the first Buddhist synod was held in 543 s. c. The second hill, Ratnâgiri, is that called by Fa Hian `The Fig-tree Cave,' where Buddha meditated after his meals, and is identical with the Rishigiri of the Mahabharata, and the Pandao of the Pali annals. A paved zigzag road leads to a small temple on the summit of this mountain, which is still used by Jains. The third hill, Bipula, is clearly the Wepullo of the Pali chronicles and the Chait-yaka of the Mahabharata. The other two hills have Jain temples. Traces of the outer wall around the ancient town of Rajagriha may still be seen, about 4us miles in circumference. The new Rajgir is about two-thirds of a mile north of the old town. According to Buddhist records, it was built by Srenika or Bimbasara, the father of Ajatasatru, the contemporary of Buddha. Dr. Buchanan-Hamilton stated that the town stood upon the north-west corner of a fort, which is an irregular pentagon in form and apparently of great antiquity. At the south-west extremity are traces of a more modern fort, with stone walls, which might have been a kind of citadel. It occupies a space of about Goo yards. The eastern and northern faces had no ditch, but there is a strong stone wall about 18 feet thick, with circular projections at intervals. The eastern approach to Rajagriha was protected by a stone wall, 20 feet in width and running zigzag up the southern slopes of the hills. A watch-tower on the extreme eastern point of the range corresponded with a similar tower immediately over the town. One tower still exists, and also the foundations of the second tower. South