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Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 21, p. 157.

MEDICAL T57 Dispensaries appear to have been first opened about fifty-five or sixty years ago. The earliest report on them mentions nine as existing in 1855, and this number increased to 58 in 1871. The following table shows the subsequent Medical. progress :- 1881. 1891. 1901, 1904. vls and dis_ _- 74 128 1;8 178 in-patients . 459 855 1,388 1,480 263,684 674,870 1,1391742 1,117:999 ber of- 408 623 990 723 2,720 6,372 9,170 71290 us performed 15,832 45,078 59,022 57,068 Rs. 46,coo 95,916 1,69,989 1,79,521 &c. . Rs. 19,500 78,604 1,52,932 1,33,588 Number of hospit, pensaries Accommodation for Total cases treated Average daily num (a) In-patients (b) Out-patients Number of operatio Expenditure on- (a) Establishment (b) Medicine, diet Of the total of 178 hospitals and dispensaries, 168 are maintained by the Darbars or, in a few cases, by the more enlightened Thakurs, 8 by the Government of India, and 2 partly by Government and partly from private subscriptions. Included in these are seven hos- pitals (with 191 beds) exclusively for females. In addition, there are four railway and two mission hospitals, in which nearly 96,ooo cases were treated and i,ooo operations were performed in 1904, as well as the Imperial Service regimental hospitals from which no returns are received. The total annual expenditure of the States of Rajputana on medical institutions, including allowances to Residency and Agency Surgeons, is about 4 lakhs. In ten of the States small lunatic asylums are maintained; elsewhere dangerous lunatics are usually kept in the jails. The number treated in 1904 was ISI. At the Census of 1901, 967 persons (591 males and 376 females) were returned as insane; the chief causes of the malady are said to be mental strain and intemperance. Inoculation by indigenous methods was at one time widely practised, but is now disappearing with the spread of vaccination.- The Bhils are said to have inoculated front time immemorial under the name of kanai, the operation being performed with a needle and a grain of dust dipped into the pock of a small-pox case. Vaccination appears to have been introduced on a small scale about 1855-6, when 1,740 persons submitted to the operation, and the num- ber increased to 53,000 in 1871. Since then, as will be seen from the table on next page, there has been great progress. Vaccination is,, on the whole, not unpopular, and has done much to lessen the virulence and fatality of outbreaks of small-pox. Lymph is kept up throughout the year in most of the important States by arm-to-arm vaccination in L2