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Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 21, p. 339.

RUPAR 710 WN 339 RungamAti,-Outpost of the Mughals in GoAlpAra District, East- ern Bengal and Assam. See RANGAMATI. - Rungpore.-District, subdivision, and town in Eastern Bengal and Assam' See RANGPUR. RupAl.-Petty State in MAH! KaNTHA, Bombay. Rupar Subdivision.-Subdivision of Ambala District, Punjab, comprising the tahstls of RfiPA-R and KHARAR. Kharar contains the cantonment and sanitarium of KASAULI and the `notified area' of KALKA. Rupar Tahs1l.-Northern. tahstl of Ambala District, Punjab, lying at the foot of the Himalayas, between 30° 45' and 31° 13' N. and 76° 1g' and 76° 44' E., with an area of 290 square miles. It is bounded on the north by the Sutlej river, and forms part of the Rupar subdivision. On the north-east the tahsil runs up into the Lower Siwaliks, and along the Sutlej is a narrow strip of low-lying countryo The rest consists of a loam plateau rich in wells, and intersected by mountain torrent beds. The head-works of the Sirhind Canal: are at Rupar. The population in rgor was 139,327, compared with 146,.&16 in 18gr. The head-quarters are at the town of RUPAR (population; 8,888). It also contains 358 villages. The land revenue and cesses in 1903-4 amounted to 2.8 lakhs. Rilpar Town.-Head-quarters of the subdivision and tahsil of the same name in Ambala District, Punjab, situated in 30° 58' N. and 76° 32' E., at the point where the Sutlej issues from the hills. Popula, tion (lgor), 8,888. It is a town of considerable antiquity, originally called Rapnagar after its founder, Raja Rup Chand. ~It was occupied about 1763 by Hari Singh, a Sikh chieftain, who seized upon a wide tract south of the Sutlej, stretching along the foot of the Himalayas. In r7gz he divided his estates between his two sons, Charrat-Singh and'. Dewa Singh, the former of whom obtained- Rapar. The estates were confiscated in 1846, in consequence of the part taken by the family during the Sikh War of the preceding year. The head-works of the Sirhind Canal are situated here, and the town is an important mart of exchange between the hills and the plains. Salt is' imported from- the- Khewra mines and re-exported to the hills, in return for iron, ginger, potatoes, turmeric, opium, and charas. Cotton twill (s7isi)' is largely manufactured, and the smiths of Rilpax have a reputation for locks and 'other small articles of iron. R13par-was the scene of the celebrated meeting between Lord William Bend =-k and Raaaj t Singh in 1831. There are two important religious fairs, one Hindu,' one Muhammadan. The municipality was created in 1867! The income during- the ten years ending :1902-3 averaged Rs. ra,roo, and the expenditure Rs. 11,400. In '1903-4 the income was Rs 14,500, chiefly from octroi ; and the expenditure was Rs. 16,9oo. There are three Anglo-vernacular middle schools 'and a dispensary.