388 SIMLA HILL STATF,S
formidable torrents during the rainy season. The Pabar is fed from
perennial snow. Further information regarding the Simla Hill States
will be found in the separate articles on each. Opium made in the
Hill States is imported into the Punjab on payment of a duty of
Rs. z per seer.
The chiefs of the Hill States possess full powers, except that sentences
of death passed by them require the confirmation of the Superintendent;
Hill States, who is also the Deputy-Commissioner of Simla District. In
thirteen of the twenty-eight States, owing to the minority or incapacity
of the chiefs, the administration is not at present in their hands. In
Bija, Kunihar, Madhan, and Mailog it is carried on by councils of State
officials; in Dhadi it is in the hands of a relative of the chief, and in
Tharoch in those of the Wazir ; Bilaspur, Jubbal, Bashahr, Kumharsain,
and Kanethi are administered by native officials of the British service,
deputed by Government; who are styled managers ; in Baghal the
council consists of a brother of the late chief and an official deputed by
Government ; and in Kuthar the manager is a member of the ruling
family of Suket. In all these cases, the authority in charge of the
administration exercises in practice the powers of the chief.
Sinbaungwe.-North-eastern township of Thayetmyo District,
Burma, lying between 19° 3o'and 19' 47'N. and 95' ioand 95' 5o' E.,
and stretching from the Irrawaddy eastwards to the confines of Magwe
and Yamethin Districts, with an area of 1,873 square miles. Its head-
quarters are at Sinbaungwe, a village of 2,394 inhabitants, on the left or
east bank of the Irrawaddy. The country is dry and undulating, and
sparsely inhabited. The population was 22,ro8 in 1891, and 23,395
in rgo1, distributed in 105 villages. Thathameda was the main source
of revenue up to 1902-3, when it was replaced by capitation tax. The
area under cultivation in 1903-4 was 36 square miles, paying Rs. 36,ooo
land revenue.
Sinchula.--Hill range in Jalpaiguri District, . Eastern Bengal and
Assam, lying between 26° 41' and 26° 49' N. and 89° 29' and 89° 45' E.,
and forming the boundary between British territory and Bhutan. The
average elevation of the range is from 4,000 to a little over 6,ooo feet,
the highest peak, Renigango, in 26° 47' N. and 89° 34' E., being 6,222
feet above sea-level. The hills run generally in long even ridges, thickly
wooded from base to summit, but occasionally the summits bristle with
bare crags from 200 to 300 feet in height. From CHOTA SINCHULA
(5,695 feet high) a magnificent view is obtained over the whole of the
Buxa Duars. In the distance are seen large green patches of cultivation
in the midst of wide tracts of brown grass and reed jungle, the cultivated
spots being dotted with homesteads ; in the foreground, near the hills,
are dense,sdl (Shorea robusta) and other forests, the whole being inter-
sected by numerous rivers and streams. The Sinchula range can nearly
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