TANJORE CITY 243
monolith representing Siva's bull, Nandi, and behind it is a shrine
dedicated to Subrahmanya, `as exquisite a piece of decorative archi-
tecture as is to be found in the ',South of India.' The great temple
contains a very large number of ancient inscriptions of the Chola and
other dynasties. Most of these have been deciphered, and many have
been published in the second volume of Dr. Hultzsch's South Indian
Inscriltions.
Under the native dynasties, Tanjore was considered the home of the
fine arts. It still produces skilful' artisans. In metal-work and in the
manufacture of musical instruments the place is perhaps unrivalled in
the Presidency; and its silk-weaving, lace, embroidery, jewellery, pith-
work,and artificial garlands have a deservedly high reputation.
Tanjore was made the District head-quarters in i86o, five years after
it came into the hands of the British, and possesses the usual staff of
officials. There is a District jail' which will hold 333 prisoners, with
room in its hospital and observation cells, respectively, for 15 and
i9 more. The present city consists of the fort and two suburbs,
Karantattangudi in the north, where the Brahman quarter is situated,
and Manambuchavadi in the scbuth-east, where Europeans reside.
The Society for the Propagation iof the Gospel, the Methodists, the
Lutherans, and the Roman Catholics all have mission stations here.
The first of these is the successor of the mission founded in 1778 by
the famous Swartz, who resided chiefly in Tanjore from that date to
his death in 1798, and to whose memory a marble monument by
Flaxman, representing Raja Sarab!boji's last visit to the dying mission
ary, stands in the Swartz Church within the fort. St. :Peter's College,
founded as an English school by Swartz in the eighteenth century, rose
to be a second-grade college in 1864 and a first-grade college ten years
later. It was affiliated to the University of Madras in 1880, and has
an average attendance of 130 in the college classes and 238 in the
lower classes. It has throughout, been managed by the Society for
the Propagation of the Gospel. there are also an English high school
maintained by private agency, a training school for teachers, and
a technical institute.
Tanjore was constituted a municipality in 1866. The receipts and
expenditure during the ten years ending 1902-3 averaged Rs. 1,33,000
and Rs. 1,34,ooo respectively. In!,' 903-q. the income was Rs. i,o3,o00,
including the house and land taxes (Rs. 27,000), the vehicle and
animal tax (Rs. 7,500), tolls (R$. 17,000), water rate (Rs. i9,ooo),
and markets and slaughter-houses (Rs. I1,5oo). The main heads of
expenditure were water-supply (R$. 20,000), conservancy (RS. 2I,500),
roads and buildings (Rs. 10,7041 and education (Rs. i i,0oo), out of
a total of Rs. 96,ooo. The city is now supplied with water pumped
from wells sunk in the bed of the Vennar. The works were opened
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