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Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 23, p. 408.

408 TO NK STATTE partly in Central India, and consisting of six districts separated from each other by distances varying from 20 to 250 miles. The Rajputana districts are TONK, ALIGARH, and NIMBAHERA, while those in Central India are CHHABRA, PIRAWA, and SIRONJ. The State lies between 23° 52' and 26° 29' N. and 74° 13' and 77° 57' E., and has a total area of about 2,553 square miles, of which 1,114 are in Rajputana and 1,439 in Central India. The characteristics of almost every district differ. - Tonk and Aligarh are flat and open, with Physical aspects. here and there a ridge of rocky hills covered with . scrub jungle. Nimbahera is intersected by a broken range of hills, and the country to the south-west is high table-land. The Chitor hills extend to the north-eastern corner and include the highest peak of the State, 1,98o feet above the sea. The northern and central parts of Chhabra are open, while the rest of the district is hilly and well wooded. Pirawa and Sironj are undulating, the southern portions of each being hilly and somewhat overgrown with jungle. A ridge of the Vindhyas traverses Sironj from north to south, and divides it into two distinct tracts, that to the west being about 1,8oo feet above the sea. The principal rivers are the Bands and the Parbati. The former flows for about 30 miles through, and for another 1o miles along the border of, the Tonk district ; it is fordable during the winter and summer, but in the rains becomes a swift and angry torrent, upwards of half a mile in breadth and sometimes 30 feet deep. It is said to have risen in great flood in 1875, and in its passage down to and past Tonk city to have swept away villages and build- ings far above the highest water-mark. The MAW and Sohadra join it in this district, and two other of its tributaries, the Gambhir and the Berach, flow for short distances through Nimbahera. The Parbati, which forms the eastern and northern frontiers of Chhabra, is from 8o to 200 yards broad. In the hot season it ceases to flow, but during the rains ferries ply at Chauki, Gugor, and other places. The Sind river rises in Sironj, but attains to no size there. A considerable part of the Tonk district is covered by the alluvium of the Bands, and from this a few rocky hills composed of schists of the Aravalli system protrude, together with scattered outliers of the Alwar quartzites. Nimbahera is for the most part covered by shales, lime- stone, and sandstone belonging to the Lower Vindhyan group, while the Central India districts lie in the Deccan trap area, and present all the features common to that formation. Besides the usual small game, antelope, `ravine deer,' and wlgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus) are common in the plains, and leopards, sdmbar (Cervus unicolor), and wild hog are found in many of the hills. An occasional tiger is met with in the south-east of Aligarh, the north- east- of Nimbahera, and parts of Pirawa and Sironj ; and there are