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Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 24, p. 338.

338 VIZAGAPATAM TO WN European communities in the suburbs of Waltair and Waltair Station, the former composed chiefly of Government officials and the latter of railway employes. The town was constituted a municipality in 1866. The municipal income and expenditure during the ten years ending 1902-3 averaged Rs. 86,ooo and Rs. 1,04,ooo respectively. In 1903-4 they were R.s. 93,6oo and Rs. 89,500, the income consisting chiefly of the pro- ceeds of taxes on houses and land, a contribution from Government, and the water rate. The water-works, which cost about 4z lakhs, have been recently completed. A sewage farm has also been laid out in the last few years. Besides being the head-quarters of the usual District staff, Vizaga- patam, with Waltair, is the residence of the controlling officers in the Northern Circars of several departments, among them a Deputy- Inspector-General of Police, Conservator of Forests, Superintending Engineer, Deputy-Commissioner of Salt, Abkdri, and Customs, In- spector of Schools, Inspectress of Girls' Schools, and a Superin- tendent of Telegraphs, as well as of the staffs of the Bengal-Nagpur and Madras Railway Companies which respectively work the sections of the railway to the north and south of the town. The District jail has accommodation for 357 prisoners, who are mainly employed in weaving carpets, cloths, and blankets, and making ropes and mats of coco-nut fibre. In 1904 the manufacturing department of the jail yielded a profit of Rs. 3,100, the value of the out-turn being nearly Rs. 1o,ooo. A company and some cadets of the East Coast Rifle Volunteers, 155 strong at the end of 1904, are stationed in the place. Ecclesiastically, the town is divided into two parishes, St:. John's, Vizagapatam, and St. Paul's, Waltair, in charge of the Govern- ment Chaplain. It also contains the head-quarters of the mission of St. Francis of Sales in Savoy (the head of which is the Roman Catholic Bishop of Vizagapatam), and of the London Missionary Society. With the exception of the making of ornamental articles of ivory, tortoise-shell, and horn for Europeans, Vizagapatam has no indigenous arts of any interest. Nor, except for a distillery, has it any manufactures of note. It is chiefly important as a shipping centre, and is a port of call for all vessels engaged in the coasting trade, the annual value of the imports during the five years ending 1903-4 averaging 5 lakhs and of the exports 17 lakhs. The chief imports are cotton twist and yarn and piece-goods, iron, and timber; the principal exports are manganese ore, raw sugar, hides and skins, myrabolams, and indigo. A lighthouse has recently been erected opposite the anchorage. The educational institutions of the town include, besides the usual lower-grade schools, a second-grade college (the Mrs. A. V. Narasinga Rao College) with 503 scholars; 3 high schools-2 (for boys and girls)