Sources

Map indexes of the Survey of India, the Survey of Pakistan, the Survey Department of Ceylon, the U.S. Army Map service/ U.S. Defense Mapping Agency, as updated by various map libraries, and additional indexes prepared by the libraries themselves.

XIII.C.3. Ethnographic Studies of South Asia

The general scope of this map, which plots the locations of villages, tribes, localized castes, and regions that have been the subject of comprehensive ethnographic studies, is indicated in the note in the legend box. It will be evident from that note that the decisions as to what to include or exclude were in- evitably subjective. We regret the omission of nonpublished works, such as doctoral dissertations and works in languages other than English. But the task of obtaining them and then studying them sufficiently to make a judgment on their quality would have inordinately taxed our resources. In any event, dissertations of high quality generally do ultimately find their way into print and receive appropriate notice.

The dates of works cited in the bibliography appended to the map reveal some interesting changes in fashion in ethno- graphic research. The oldest study cited is Grierson's Bihar Peasant Life, a tome published in 1885, which is still without parallel. Subsequently, however, the great bulk of literature, commencing with Rivers's classic work The Todas (1906), was on tribal societies. After the appearance in 1955 of the first modern comprehensive village ethnography, S. C. Dube's Indian Village, there was a marked shift toward the publica- tion of studies of individual villages, the regional coverage of which is now reasonably good for India and Sri Lanka, though generally deficient for Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, and Nepal.

An important genre of literature with which our map does not deal is that of the encyclopedic compendiums relating to the castes and tribes of particular regions. Typically, these works provide some indication of the alleged origin, genealogy, strength, distribution, and customs of the castes (often sub- divided into subcastes and clans) and tribes alphabetically ar- ranged. The first work more or less approximating this model was Sir Henry M. Elliot's Memoirs on the History, Folk-lore, and Distribution of the Races of the North Western Provinces of India, published in two volumes in 1869. In the following half-century, the whole of British India was covered by com- parable studies. Though varying substantially in quality and largely out-of-date, these compendiums are still useful for cer- tain purposes (e.g., as aids in the compilation of atlas plate X.C.2), quite apart from their obvious historical interest.

Sources

For individual studies, see citations on the map plate itself. Useful bibliographies are: E. von Fürer-Haimendorf (1958– 70); Journal of Asian Studies (1965–, bibliographical num- bers, published once a year); J. M. Mahar (1964); and M. L. P. Patterson and R. B. Inden (1962).

Acknowledgment

Professor McKim Marriott of the Department of Anthropol- ogy of the University of Chicago was of considerable assistance in the selection of works for inclusion in plate XIII.C.3. The final responsibility for selection, however, is the editor's alone.

XIII.C.4. Fiction in English on Life in South Asia

The novels and short stories indicated on plate XIII.C.4 were chosen on two criteria: first, the work must reflect in some way the life of a particular region; second, it must be both readable and available in an English version. Most historical fiction and some excellent psychological novels that have no regional base have not been included. The regions named on the map are arbitrary conveniences and not necessarily mutually exclusive. Under each are given the varying types of subjects or themes relative to which fiction is available, followed by the names of the author or authors writing on each or, in the case of anthol- ogies, the names of editors. A color key indicates whether their works were translated into English from South Asian vernacu- lars or written directly in English; in the latter case the authors are identified as from South Asia itself or as Europeans or Americans. The bibliography below the map is alphabetical by authors/editors cited on the map itself. Usually only one work has been listed for an author, but where a name is starred it indicates that other writing is available.

Useful bibliographies citing fiction in English

Journal of Asian Studies (1965–, bibliographical numbers, published once a year); M. L. P. Patterson and R. B. Inden (1962); D. M. Spencer (1960).

Acknowledgment

We express our appreciation to C. M. Naim, University of Chicago; the late Gorden Roadarmel; and Dorothy M. Spen- cer, formerly of the University of Pennsylvania, for their sug- gestions and editorial assistance in the preparation of this map plate.