6 SOCIAL SCIENTIST appropriation of abstract wealth in the form of money' has as its basis the process of the 'valorisation and accumulation of capital'. Hence, any analysis of the 'global development of the capitalist form of society' is essentially an investigation of the determinants of this process of capital, viz., its requirements and possibilities and not the analysis of the development of wage labour ]capital relations, or the development of the forces of production. In their words "the creation of a free labour force and the unfolding of the productive forces are only particular means, albeit decisive ones under specific conditions, which exist alongside others for ensuring the valorisation of capital."3 According to the above understanding, over the last five centuries this 'movement of capital' has, as a result of ' conscious strategies and intrinsic mechanism', created the conditions, both in 'pro-and non-capitalist formations and in the developing capitalist formation itself, that "allow not only for the appropriation of abstract wealth at this or that favourable moment, but concomitantly for the continuous and systematic reproduction of the preconditions for further valorisation and accumulation". In fact, at every phase in the development of global capitalism there are three possibilities open, on the basis of which valorisation can be ensured: (i) the 'subsumption to capital9 of non-wage labour relations which permit the appropriation of the surplus produce of direct producers;4 (ii) the alienation of the means of production from the direct producers, so that 'valorisation' is seemingly based on 'the dull compulsion of economic relations' alone: and (iii) some complex combination of the above possibilities suited most to the requirements of 'valorisation'. The unfolding of combinations of the above 'forms of valorisation and accumulation of capital' on a global scale is seen to underlie the nature of the division of labour that emerged on an international scale. At each point of time different forms of organisation of labour were utilised in different parts of the world for different types of production. While the 'movement of capital' itself did not require as a prerequisite the existence of a class of free wage labourers, with the emergence of such a class in the centres of world capitalism, the limits placed on the valorisation and accumulation of capital in the past were overcome. Rapid technical progress and a more complex division of labour followed, permitting a faster pace of accumulation. It is this which explains the emergence and consolidation of the 'classical' international division of labour in which a few industrialised countries produced capital and consumer goods, while the vast majority of countries were integrated into the world economy as producers of agricultural and mineral raw materials, and sometimes as the suppliers of labour force. However, the burden of the argument of Frobel et al is that the technical dynamism that such specialisation introduced in the developed capitalist countries on the one hand, and the nature of the