GEORGES KR1STOFFEL LIETEN China and the Undivided Communist Party of India LENIN showed how opportunism was not a chance occurrence but the social product of an entire period of history, and how the policy of imperialism caused the international workers9 movement to split into two sections, the revolutionary and the opportunist, the latter being fed on and appeased by the crumbs of the spoils which imperialists squeezed out of the colonies.1 In the fourth "Comment on the Open Letter of the Central Committee of the CPSU" in October 1963 the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) stated that the same kind of division in the international working-class movement as that described by Lenin was taking shape also in socialist countries where the proletariat wields state power.2 The deputy head of the propaganda department of the CCP had earlier stated that the "opportunist revisionism" of the Soviet leaders was unprecedentedly harmful since it appeared in a great socialist country which had very attractive means at its disposal of leading the people astray.8 Thus, according to the CCP, a socialist state can have a revisionist and, one may assume, also a left adventurist deviation, reflecting the opportunist reaction of the leadership to a whole range of influences. One of the major sources of opportunism in the foreign policy of a socialist country is the existence of imperialism which continues to be a fighting though decaying force on the world scene. In resisting imperialism and