The additions for the present impression of the atlas are, no less than the substance of the original work, the result of a team effort. The new section entitled "Prehistory" was written by Professor Jim G. Shaffer of the Department of Anthropology of Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. At the University of Minnesota the following research assistants, listed in alphabetical order, all contributed significantly to the work: Pradip Bhaumik, for bibliographical assistance and for help with var- ious aspects of modern political history; Amalendu Chakraborty, for work on the modern period and for critically reading much of the manuscript in draft form; Richa Nagar, primarily in regard to gathering background materials for the graphic presen- tation on "Social, Economic, and Political Disturbances and Insurrectionary Move- ments" and for work relating to South Asian elections; and Kathryn Marie Sopa, with respect to the map, "South Asia, Administrative Divisions, 1991." Philip A. Schwartzberg was primarily responsible for drafting the administrative map and pre- paring the graphics and computer programming relating to the displays on distur- bances and insurrectionary movements. Assistance with the map was rendered also by Carlos J. Ruiz and useful suggestions in regard to some of the technical aspects of its preparation were offered by Dr. Gregory Chu, Director of the Cartography Laboratory of the University of Minnesota, where the work was executed. Typing of all the tables for sections IX, X, and XI of the "Addenda and Corrigenda" was done by Scott R. Hanson. Monique E. Schwartzberg typed the bibliography and prepared the index. The editor is solely responsible for the text, apart from the section on prehistory, and for all decisions relating to layout of graphic matter and tables.

That the Historical Atlas of South Asia could originally be produced at the Uni- versity of Minnesota is attributable to the presence at that institution of the Ames Library of South Asia. The Ames Library was the gift of Mr. Charles Lesley Ames, to whom this work is dedicated. The University honors Mr. Ames by its continuing generous support for the Library, a resource which was as essential for producing this updated edition of the atlas as it was for the original. The unfailingly prompt and unstinting support of Dr. Donald Clay Johnson, Curator of the Ames Library, and of his staff has been of enormous benefit to the atlas project.

Thanks are extended to several dozen reviewers of the original impression of the atlas. The editor is grateful for their generally favorable remarks and for their part in creating a sustained demand for the work. He is grateful too for whatever construc- tive criticisms they offered and has benefitted from them. Regrettably, not all of the suggestions for improvements which they and others have made over the years could be acted upon in preparing this updated impression.

Many South Asian scholars have been kind enough to point out errors in the orig- inal work, in some cases spontaneously and in others at the editor's behest. Those whose suggestions and criticisms were sent directly to the editor (including several individuals closely associated with the original work) include Fredrick B. Asher, Shiva G. Bajpai, Craig Baxter, O. P. Bhardwaj, Stephen N. Hay, Omar Khalidi, Gail Minault, John F. Shroder, the late David E. Sopher, Burton Stein, and Eleanor M. Zelliot. Sincere thanks to all of them.

From among the aforementioned, the comments of Professor Sopher were partic- ularly useful and it is a source of great regret that he has not lived to see the present impression of the atlas. Similarly regretted is the passing of Hameed-ud-Din, one of the principal authors of the original work, and Professor A. L. Basham, who was a guiding spirit, critic, and friend to the staff of the atlas project from 1967 until the completion of the work. Homage to these three esteemed scholars.

The American Historical Association and the Association of American Geogra- phers have honored the atlas editor with awards for which he is most grateful. The honor conveyed by those awards, however, properly belongs to the entire staff of the original atlas project. On behalf of that staff, therefore, I extend thanks to both associations; to their respective awards committees, especially to their Chairs, Pro- fessors John H. Broomfield and Judy M. Olson; and to Professor Wilbur Zelinsky, who submitted the nomination for the AAG award. The former of the awards, the Watumull Foundation Bi-annual Book Prize for 1980, recognizes the atlas as the best work on Indian history for the years 1978 and 1979. The munificence of the Foun- dation in its long-term funding of the Watumull award is recognized with gratitude throughout the community of scholars who work on South Asian history. Supple- menting Professor Broomfield's gracious citation in the letter of award was a com- munication from David Watumull, Executive Vice President of the Foundation, who stated, "Over the years, since 1946 when this Prize was instituted, I can personally say, without a doubt, that this is the finest and most worthwhile book to be selected." The citation accompanying the AAG award, made in 1983, described the atlas as "a monumental achievement." Only a project engaging the diverse talents of an inter- disciplinary team of dedicated scholars could have merited two such generous assess- ments.

Sole responsibility for distributing the original impression of the atlas in South Asia was assigned to Oxford University Press, New Delhi. In January 1980, to mark the availability of the atlas in India, the American Institute of Indian Studies and the Indian office of the Ford Foundation sponsored a two-day symposium at the India International Centre in New Delhi. This symposium focused on the methodology of historical cartography, on the utility of maps in historical research, and on related questions in Indian historiography and historical geography. Among the several dozen invited participants were historians, geographers, and scholars from other disciplines from universities throughout India, from several American universities, from Indian learned societies, and from interested agencies of the Indian government. For the unstinting financial support which made this symposium possible, for the scholarly contributions of the participants, and for the Ford Foundation's generosity in pre- senting one hundred complimentary copies of the atlas to universities and selected private and governmental agencies in India, I here record my deep sense of gratitude.

Staff members of numerous government offices, embassies, and international and other agencies have very kindly responded to the editor's requests for assistance in respect to particular portions of the addenda to the atlas. Some of these are acknowl- edged in citing the relevant sources that they provided. To them and to the others who must, regrettably, remain anonymous, a warm expression of appreciation is hereby extended. Two individuals merit being singled out for special recognition: Smti. Minati Ghosh, Map Officer, Office of the Deputy Registrar General (Map) in New Delhi, and an unknown staff member of the Survey of Pakistan whose timely assistance in transmitting up-to-date information on 1991 administrative boundaries was indispensible for drawing the end cover map of administrative divisions.

A cordial relationship between authors and publishers cannot always be taken for granted. This author and editor, however, has felt especially fortunate in respect to the friendliness and supportive attitude of those members of Oxford University Press with whom he has had the pleasure of working.

Finally, to all those scholars, mature and budding, who have expressed to me and my many colleagues on the original impression their sense of appreciation for the utility of the atlas, may I reciprocate by nothing that their interest and warm wishes have provided the necessary incentive for making the present impression available. It is our hope that sometime in the not-too-distant future a fully revised and expanded work incorporating much of the exciting and innovative historical geographic schol- arship that has appeared since the atlas was first published will become a reality.

JOSEPH E. SCHWARTZBERG

September 1991

Omitted from the list of names on page xiv of the staff at the University of Minnesota who contributed to the atlas is Fredrick M. Asher, who selected most of the photo- graphs for sections III and IV of the atlas and wrote the captions for them. His initials do, however, appear on the plates to which he made a major contribution.

On p. 2 the credit note W.T./J.E.S. should be added.

On p. 38 the initials S. G. B. should be added to the credit note.

The following credit notes should be corrected: page 1, for W. R. T. read W. T.; page 9, for R. C. H. read R. H.; and pages 22, 28, 41, and 47, for D. G. K. read G. D. K.