Bodhi Bodhi1 (f.) [fr. budh, cp. Vedic bodhin-manas having an attentive mind; RV v.75, 5; viii.82, 18] (supreme) knowledge, enlightenment, the knowledge possessed by a Buddha (see also sambodhi & sammā-sambodhi) M i.356; ii.95=D iii.237 (saddho hoti, saddahati Tathāgatassa bodhiŋ); D iii.159 (anuttaraŋ pappoti bodhiŋ), 165 (id.); S i.103, 196; v.197 sq.; A ii.66; VbhA 310 (def.). Bodhi consists of 7 elements called bojjhangā or sambojjhangā, and is attained by the accomplishment of the perfections called bodhi-pācanā dhammā (see under cpds. & cp. bodhi-pakkhiya-dhammā). The Buddha is said to have found the Path followed by former Buddhas, who "catusu satipaṭṭhānesu supatiṭṭhitacittā satta-bojjhange yathābhūtaŋ bhāvetvā anuttaraŋ sammā-sambodhiŋ abhisambujjhiŋsu" S v.160. The moment of supreme enlightenment is the moment when the Four Truths (ariya-saccāni) are grasped S v.423. Bodhi is used to express the lofty knowledge of an ascetic (Bodhi-paribbājaka Np. J v.229 sq.), and the stage of enlightenment of the Paccekabuddha (paccekabodhi J iii.348; pacceka-bodhi-ñāṇa J iv.114; paccekasambodhi SnA 73), as distinguished from sammāsambodhi.
-ṭṭhāna the state of Bodhi, state of enlightenment. Dpvs 2.61. -pakkhika=pakkhiya (& pakkhika, e. g. A iii.70=300; Th 1, 900; cp. bodha˚) belonging to enlightenment, usually referred to as the 37 bodhipakkhiyā dhammā qualities or items constituting or contributing to Bodhi, which are the same as enumd under bojjhanga (q. v.). They are enumd & discussed at Vism 678 sq. and mentioned at many other passages of the Abhidhamma, e. g. Vbh 244, 249; Nett 31, 197, 240, 261; and in the Commentaries, e. g. J i.275; iii.290; v.483; DhA i.230. When they are increased to 43 they include the above with the addition of aniccasaññā; dukkha˚, anatta˚, pahāna˚, virāga˚, nirodhasaññā, thus at Nett 112, 237. In the older texts we do not find any numbered lists of the b.-p.-dhammā. At A iii.70 only indriyesu guttadvāratā, bhojane mattaññutā and jāgariy' ânuyoga are mentioned in connection with bodhipakkhikā dhammā in general. At S v.227, 239 sq. (so read in Vbh preface xiv. for 327, 337!) the term is applied to the 5 indriyas: saddh' indriyaŋ, viriy˚, sati˚, samādhi˚, paññ˚. A more detailed discussion of the bodhi-p-dhammā and their mention in the Piṭakas is found in Mrs. Rh. D.'s preface to the Vbh edition, pp. xiv.-xvi. Of BSk. passage may be mentioned Divy 350 (saptatriŋśad-bodhi-pakṣān dharmān amukhī — kṛtya pratyekāŋ bodhiŋ sākṣātkṛtavantah) & 616 (bodhipakṣāŋs tān dharmān Bhagavān saŋprakāśayati sma). -paripāka the maturing of enlightenment Vism 116. -pācana ripening of knowledge (of a Buddha); adj. leading to enlightenment Bu ii. 121 sq.; Cp i.11 (cp. J i.22). It is a late term. The b. dhammā are the 10 perfections (pāramiyo), i. e. dāna˚, sīla˚, nekkhamma˚, paññā˚, viriya˚, khanti˚, sacca˚, adhiṭṭhāna˚, mettā˚, upekhā˚. -satta (1) a "bodhi-being," i. e. a being destined to attain fullest enlightenment or Buddhaship. A Bodhisatta passes through many existences & many stages of progress before the last birth in which he fulfils his great destiny. The "amhākaŋ Bodhisatto," or "our Bodhisatta" of the Buddhist Texts (e. g. Vism 419 (imasmiŋ kappe ayam eva Bhagavā Bodhisatta-bhūto); DA i.259) refers to Gotama, whose previous existences are related in the Jātaka collection. These tales illustrate the wisdom & goodness of the future Buddha, whether as an animal, a god, or a human being. In his last existence before attaining Buddhahood he is a man. Reference is made to a Bodhisatta or the B. at very many places throughout the Canon. See e. g. M i.17, 163, 240; S ii.5; iii.27; iv.233; v.263, 281, 317; A ii.130; iii.240; iv.302, 439; Vism 15, 116, 499; SnA 52 (pacceka˚), 67, 72. — (2) N. of the author of a Pali grammar, used by Kaccāyana (not extant): see Windisch, Proceedings of XIVth Or. Congress, Vol. i.290. -sambhāra (pl.) conditions (lit. materials) necessary for the attainment of bodhi J i.1; vi.595; Mbvs 12.
